I would really appreciate it if someone could tell me how slavery affected religion in the south? Not how religion was at the time of slavery in...

The most direct effect of slavery on religion you've already mentioned: Most slaves taken from Africa were forced to convert to Christianity.

But there were other, more complex effects that slavery and its surrounding culture and institutions influenced the development of religion in the South; the Baptist and Methodist denominations we know now largely grew out of that milieu.

Many African-Americans preserved traditions from the African religions they were forced to leave behind, which is another reason why singing and dancing are such an important part of many Baptist religious ceremonies today. European Christianity generally frowned upon dancing and singing, but in the most difficult of circumstances people fought to preserve what they could of the culture they left behind thousands of miles away.

Perhaps in response to the extreme inequality exemplified by slavery, a new vein of Christian religion formed in the mid 18th century during what was called the Great Awakening (and then the Second Great Awakening); where previously religion had been focused upon hierarchy and ritual (similar to Catholic and Orthodox churches today), this new approach focused upon personal belief, salvation, and equality in the eyes of God.

The effect of this new egalitarian religion upon slaves was somewhat mixed; while some used it to argue for ending slavery, for others it actually seemed to placate them, making them more willing to accept their current plight in the hopes of a reward in Heaven. Perhaps because of this, slaveowners were also mixed in their willingness to allow their slaves to learn about religion; some actively resisted it, fearing the slaves might try to revolt, while others considered it their holy duty to spread Christianity to their slaves.

Many of the churches that were formed during this period carried on for centuries afterward, and formed the origins of modern churches today. We can still see many differences between the practices of predominantly White churches in the North and predominantly African-American churches in the South that ultimately derive from this period and the integration of African traditions with Christian beliefs.

What did Franklin D. Roosevelt achieve?

Franklin Roosevelt achieved many things.  He created Social Security..  He created the Civilian Conservation Corps to give young men a job on infrastructure projects.  He passed farm bills to pay farmers to not produce crops, thus creating price floors.  He worked around a reluctant Congress to get aid to Britain during WWII before America officially joined.  He integrated munitions factories in WWII; this was the first time that the federal government had integrated anything.  He kept a coalition of Britain, America, and the Soviet Union together long enough to defeat Germany and Japan.  He also managed to get elected four times, which was quite impressive since the New Deal was criticized by both the right and the left.  Roosevelt's greatest accomplishment was to give hope to the American people with his fireside chats.  Roosevelt was the steadying force in American government between 1933 and 1945 and kept America from going to the extreme right or left.  

What is Betty Parris' condition?

Betty Parris is ill, and it seems as though she cannot wake up because her eyes remain closed.  Doctor Griggs is baffled by her condition and can find no physical cause, and so he advises Betty's father, Reverend Parris, to "look to unnatural things for the cause of it."  There is also a rumor circulating, told by Mrs. Putnam when she arrives, that Betty flew "over Ingersoll's barn, and come down light as a bird [...]."  Parris assures everyone, at first, that her illness has nothing to do with witchcraft, as this is what Abigail, his niece, tells him.  She says, "when you leaped out of the bush so suddenly, Betty was frightened and then she fainted.  And there's the whole of it."  However, Parris doubts Abigail and continues to question her about her reputation in town.  

A while later, Betty does wake up and try to "fly to Mama," running suddenly for the window.  She shouts at Abigail that she didn't confess everything to Parris, and she knows that her cousin "drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor."  Thus, because she was able to hear Abigail and awake when she chose, it seems that her "illness" is merely a guilty conscience.

How does Dianna help Lyddie in Lyddie?

Diana helps Lyddie learn to use her loom and makes her feel at home.

Diana is the mother figure for all of the factory girls. She has endless patience, and whenever a new girl comes to the factory she shows her how to operate the machinery so that she won’t get hurt. When Lyddie starts at Lowell, she has no idea what she is doing. It is Diana who shows her the ropes.

Lyddie is given the machine next to Diana. It never seems to bother Diana that she has to maintain her own machines and help the newcomers learn theirs. She doesn’t complain about reduced productivity or slow learners. She is only patient and supportive.

Diana asks Lyddie if she likes to read, and Lyddie admits that she hasn’t had much schooling.

"Well, you can remedy that," the older girl said. "I'll help, if you like, some evening."

Lyddie looked up gratefully. She felt no need with Diana to apologize or to be ashamed of her ignorance. "I'm needing a bit of help with the regulations..." (Ch. 9)

Diana does help Lyddie with reading and writing. She gives her paper and encourages her to write to her mother and brother. No one in Lyddie’s family is well-educated, and Lyddie left school when her father left. She just couldn’t trust her mother with the farm or her younger siblings.  Diana carefully helped Lyddie write the letters and insisted on giving her postage. Before that, Lyddie’s brother and mother had no idea where she went when she left the tavern.

Diana is a force of comfort for Lyddie. Since money is so valuable to her, Lyddie worries about signing Diana’s workers’ rights petitions, but Diana is so important to her that she eventually goes to a meeting. Diana confides that she is going to have a baby, and the father is married. She has to leave so she won’t hurt their cause. It is a terrible blow to Lyddie, who feels like she is losing another family member.

How is good and bad presented with Curley and Slim in Of Mice and Men?

On the ranch, Slim is respected and Curley is reviled.

Slim and Curley are both men George and Lennie encounter on the ranch, and they are long-term residents.  Slim is kind and well-respected, while Curley is regarded as trouble.  Slim is mature, and Curley is immature.  In terms of good and bad, it is easy to see how Slim and Curley are opposites.

The men trust Slim almost immediately, just as they distrust Curley.  Both men have a position of authority, but Curley’s comes from his father owning the ranch.  Slim’s comes from his strength and demeanor.

The way each man is introduced is indicative of their positions on the ranch.  Slim is introduced as a good man.

Slim's a jerkline skinner. Hell of a nice fella. Slim don't need to wear no high-heeled boots on a grain team. (Ch. 2)

Candy’s comments about Curley are not as positive.  He is spoken of in crude terms, both for his obsession over his wife and his tendency to fight.  No one on the ranch seems to have any respect for Curley.

Curley's like a lot of little guys. He hates big guys. He's alla time picking scraps with big guys. Kind of like he's mad at 'em because he ain't a big guy. You seen little guys like that, ain't you? Always scrappy?" (Ch. 2)

The point Candy is making is that Curley overcompensates.  He is mean and angry.  When it comes to his wife, he is insanely jealous.  One way or another, Curley is always spoiling for a fight.

The difference between the two men can be demonstrated in their reaction to Lennie.  Curley is angry that George talks for Lennie.  He is ready to pick a fight with Lennie because Lennie is bigger than he is.  Slim, on the other hand, is impressed that George looks out for Lennie.  He likes the fact that the two of them travel together, and he acknowledges that Lennie does not have to be intelligent to be a good person.

"He's a nice fella," said Slim. "Guy don't need no sense to be a nice fella. Seems to me sometimes it jus' works the other way around. Take a real smart guy and he ain't hardly ever a nice fella." (Ch. 3)

On the ranch, most people only look out for themselves.  Slim is one of the few men who can actually make friends.  Curley alienates everyone around him by fighting or accusing them.

Discuss the following quote: "Mistress Mary, if you prized my lady’s favor at anything more than contempt, you would not give means for this...

Malvolio is warning Maria not to take part in the servants’ antics because Olivia would not approve.

In this quote, Malvolio is speaking to Mary.  Malvolio is a rather stuck up servant whom the others like to make fun of.  Maria is Olivia’s personal servant, and she does not like Malvolio much.

This scene is taking place in Olivia’s house, where the servants and Sir Toby (Olivia’s obnoxious uncle) are gathered having some fun.  They are drinking because Toby does not want to go to bed yet.  Malvolio is concerned about the goings-on, and Maria’s part in them, because she should be above all of it.

When Malvolio chides Maria for “uncivil rule” he is essentially saying that she is contributing to the bad behavior by bringing the wine that Sir Toby asked for and taking part in the merriment. 

My masters, are you mad? or what are you? Have ye

no wit, manners, nor honesty, but to gabble like

tinkers at this time of night? Do ye make an

alehouse of my lady's house …

Is there no respect of place, persons, nor

time in you? (Act 2, Scene 3)

Basically, he is asking them if they have no shame, carrying on like that.  It is disrespectful to Olivia.  He believes they are behaving like a bunch of drunken fools, crude and ridiculous.

After Malvolia says this, he leaves.  It is clear that he is not getting anywhere with them.  Malvolio is always the butt of everyone’s jokes and no one takes him seriously.  They are unlikely to listen to him over Sir Toby.

The purpose of this scene is more than comic relief.  It brings another perspective on love, a main theme of the play, and reminds us that love can take place among the lower classes as well as the higher ones.  Everyone loves!  Sir Toby has the power to get pretty much whatever he wants, and he takes it.  He is not interested in Olivia’s propriety.

How were the Jews restricted in Amsterdam in Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl?

During the occupation of the Netherlands by Nazi Germany during World War II, the Jewish residents of the Netherlands faced a unique set of circumstances, ultimate leading to the reduction of the Amsterdam Jewish population from roughly 150,000 to only 35,000 individuals. This loss of Jewish life was particularly high compared to other nations in Western Europe.

At the outbreak of World War II, the Netherlands was the most densely populated nation in Western Europe. Given this dense urban environment and a lack of rural spaces, the Jews of Amsterdam lacked many of the options Jews in more pastoral areas had to hide from the German forces. The Jews of Amsterdam were also collectively poor, making flight to other nations extremely difficult.

The Jewish population of Amsterdam also faced additional challenges from the government of the Netherlands. When the war began, the Queen and many government officials fled, leaving an intact governmental infrastructure which was quickly assimilated by German occupation forced. Additionally, the non-Jewish population was largely unaware of the fate Jews were facing in the Nazi death camps. As a result, the Germans experienced a large degree of collaboration and found that identifying and concentrating the Jews of Amsterdam was exceptionally easy.

Nazi forces required that all Jews living in the Netherlands have a large "J" stamped on their IDs, and quickly began moving Jews from other parts of the country into Amsterdam. There Jews were barred from many occupations and largely isolated from many aspects of public life, helping to further disengage them from the general population. A refugee camp that the government of the Netherlands had established in the town of Hooghalen to house foreign Jewish refugees fleeing German forces was converted into the concentration camp of Westerbork, and any Jews not concentrated in Amsterdam were instead relocated there before being moved to death camps more centrally located in Europe.

Why do the hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen gas molecule form nonpolar covalent bonds, but the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a water molecule form polar...

A non-polar covalent bond contains electrons that are shared equally between atoms. This occurs when the electronegativity difference between the atoms in the bond is zero or very small. You can find the electronegativity values for each atom by searching online or looking in your textbook. The electronegativity value of each H atom in the molecule `~H_2` is 2.2. The difference between the electronegativity values of two H atoms is 2.2 – 2.2 = 0. Therefore, the bond between the two H atoms in the molecule `~H_2` is a non-polar bond.

A polar covalent bond contains electrons that are shared unequally between atoms. This occurs when the electronegativity difference between the atoms in the bond is between 0.3 and 1.7. The electronegativity value of O is 3.5. The electronegativity value of H is 2.2. The difference between the electronegativity values of O and H is 3.5 – 2.2 = 1.3. Therefore, the bonds between the O atom and each H atom in the molecule `~H_2O` are polar covalent bonds.

How can your write a "bad news" letter to your employees? What's an example?

There are many different ways one could write an email delivering “bad news” to employees. Some key elements of such an email are that it should: 1) address the employees, 2) notify them of the problem, 3) explain what is being done to fix the problem, 4) say by when the problem is expected to be fixed, 5) inform them what they should do in the meantime, and 6) thank them for their understanding. Of course, you can include more specific details if you wish. Here is an example of a possible email for this situation, but you should feel free to use your own words:

Dear employees,

We are writing to inform you that we are unfortunately having some problems with the Internet connection and are experiencing some downtime.

We understand that an Internet connection is essential to much of the work we do and our IT department is currently working hard to repair the issue. We hope to have everything working properly again as soon as possible.

We will keep you updated as we work to fix this problem. In the meantime, if there are tasks you are able to do without Internet, please prioritize those. Otherwise, you could work from home or from a coffee shop with an Internet connection until such time as the problem is fixed 

Thank you for all the hard work that you do for our company. We appreciate your understanding and cooperation in this matter.

We will inform you as soon as the Internet is fully functioning again.

Best regards,

Chief Financial Officer (CFO)

What is the central meaning of Shelley's "Stanzas Written in Dejection"?

The central meaning of "Stanzas Written in Dejection, near Naples" by Percy Bysshe Shelley seems to be a contrast between his own "despair" (ln. 28) and the relative comfort he finds in nature. To find solace in nature is typical of Romantic poetry, as is the expression of heightened emotions. Both of these elements figure strongly in Shelley's poem.

The poem begins with a detailed description of a pleasant natural scene. Shelley describes a beautiful day, probably on the Gulf of Naples, as the poet references "waves" (3), and "the winds, the birds, the ocean floods" (8). While Shelley's imagery indicates that the scene is aesthetically pleasant, he also imbues the natural setting with his own emotions when he says "The City's voice itself, is soft like Solitude's" (9). This solitude that he feels in the surrounding environment is referenced in the title ("Dejection") and later in the poem ("despair" in line 28). In the second stanza, Shelley continues to use sensory detail to describe the nature scene, but midway through the stanza, he explicitly places himself in the scene by saying, "I sit upon the sands alone --" (14). He does,  however, hear in the sounds of the ocean, something that "share[s] in [his] emotion" (18).

From this point, Shelley transitions to a more detailed explanation of his emotional state. He feels as though he has nothing, according to lines 19-24, and judges that "Others [he  sees]" have more than he (25). He observes those other people as "Smiling" and experiencing "pleasure" (26), while "To me that cup has been dealt in another measure" (27). Shelley contrasts his own feelings of emptiness with what he see as the fullness of others' lives. The fourth stanza opens with Shelley returning to some of the ideas of stanzas one and two, though, as he writes, "Yet now despair itself is mild,/ Even as the winds and waters are" (28-29). While he is dejected, his feelings are tempered by the nature around him. He feels that he could weep and even die here in this setting. Shelley closes the poem by saying that he may be lamented after his death, but he feels that he will not be missed that much, "for I am one/ Whom men love not," (41-42). People will "regret" (42) that he is gone, but the memory of nature, of the day that surrounds him, will only bring pleasure: "this day ... / Will linger, though enjoyed, like joy in memory yet" (43-45). Again, Shelley prioritizes the beauty of the natural setting and its ability to yield positive emotions. Those emotions range from "joy" at the end of the poem to the relative comfort referenced in stanza four. 

So the central meaning of the poem seems to hinge on the relationship between the beauty and comfort of nature (and its ability to confer pleasant, long-lasting memories) and the speaker's dejected emotional state. This emotional state appears to be allayed by the nature surrounding him, while the causes for his dejection are related to society (especially from comparing himself to other people). 

What is the deep meaning of Emerson's quote, "Rainbows to follow the clouds"?

You are probably referring to the following recommendation, which is widely quoted online and attributed to Ralph Waldo Emerson:

This is my wish for you: Comfort on difficult days, smiles when sadness intrudes, rainbows to follow the clouds, laughter to kiss your lips, sunsets to warm your heart, hugs when spirits sag, beauty for your eyes to see, friendships to brighten your being, faith so that you can believe, confidence for when you doubt, courage to know yourself, patience to accept the truth, Love to complete your life.

This is wonderful, uplifting advice. It offers us positive spins on troubling or challenging times. “Rainbows to follow the clouds” is the most metaphoric of the phrases used here. Rainbows traditionally occur after rainstorms pass through an area, and the sun comes out again to shine upon the land. So wishing for rainbows after clouds is a way of wishing for good things to come after bad. All of the phrases in this quote are styled in this fashion.

The trouble is: this passage was probably not written by Emerson. It doesn’t mirror his style. And none of the posts and posters that you see online include any credits for the essay, book, or letter that these words may have come from. While it’s a good quote that continues to inspire people, it’s not one that should be associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson. Someone should do some digging to find out who the real author is.

On what page does Faber show Montag his gadget collection?

On page 86, Faber guides Montag down a small chamber in his bedroom that leads to where his gadget collection is located. Montag notices numerous metal tools, wires, coils, and crystals on Faber's workbench. Faber tells Montag that he has been fiddling with electronics and radio transmissions for years as a hobby. Faber shows Montag the "green bullet" that he designed. The "green bullet" is a small metal object that resembles a Seashell Radio and allows Faber to communicate with Montag. Montag places the "green bullet" in his ear, and Faber explains how it works. The "green bullet" is essentially a two-way radio that allows Faber to listen to Montag's conversations. Faber tells Montag that he created this invention and had been patiently waiting for a day to utilize his technology. Later on in the novel, Faber listens in on Montag's conversation with Captain Beatty before the "green bullet" is knocked out of Montag's ear. 

In The Westing Game, who killed Sam Westing? Why? How?

No one killed Sam Westing. He faked his own death to get closer to his family.

Sam Westing was rich, but he led a difficult life. His daughter died, and he left town. He decided to create a murder mystery puzzle to get all of his heirs together. The objective seems to be to allow him to spend time with his extended family.

Turtle is the only one who really realizes what is going on, but Westing is happy about that. She marches into his office and announces that she won the game. He is clearly pleased with this development.

His watery blue eyes stared at her over his rimless half-glasses. Hard eyes. His teeth were white, not quite even (no one would ever guess they were false). He was smiling. He wasn’t angry with her, he was smiling. (Ch. 27)

As Sam Westing, Sandy McSouthers, Barney Northrup, and Julian R. Eastman, he gets to spend a lot of time with his family members. He learns who is genuine and who is not. He is also able to get to know Turtle. Turtle and “Eastman” become good friends. She inherits his money, but does not tell anyone what really happened to Sam Westing.

When Turtle, now T.R. Wexler, sits at Westing’s bedside, we can tell how close the two have become.

“This is it, Turtle.” His voice was weak.

“You can die before my very eyes, Sandy, and I wouldn’t believe it.”

“Show some respect. I can still change my will.”

“No, you can’t. I’m your lawyer.” (Ch. 30)

So you see, no one killed Sam Westing. He dies of old age, with his family by his side. He might not have his daughter anymore, but Turtle becomes a sort of adopted daughter.  She is spunky and intelligent, and the two of them are perfect for each other.

How do the roles of Frankenstein and the monster reverse in the final chapters of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein?

After the creature murders Elizabeth on her wedding night, he feels that his task is done. He has destroyed everyone that Victor loves, and this is more satisfying as a means of revenge than killing Victor himself. He escapes, his task seemingly complete. Victor, now alone in the world, has nothing else holding him back but to track down his creature and destroy him. The roles have reversed in that it is now Victor chasing the creature, rather than the creature chasing Victor. All over Europe, the two of them roam, the creature constantly ahead of his pursuer. Having reached the Arctic, Victor is found by Robert Walton, and he takes a brief respite on Walton’s ship before planning to continue his pursuit. After he tells Walton his story, his health weakens. His chase has destroyed him. When Victor dies, the creature comes on the ship and grieves for his creator. Death is not something he envisioned for Victor. Now that Victor is dead, the creature goes off, planning to destroy himself on a funeral pyre.

On what page of The Odyssey was the line "And Odysseus let the bright molten tears run down his cheeks, weeping the way a wife mourns for her lord...

I could not find the exact wording of your quote; however, I found a very similar epic simile on page 208 of the Robert Fagles 1996 book version. The same simile can be found on page 133 of The Odyssey PDF found here. 

Here is the epic simile where Odysseus' crying is compared to "the way a wife mourns for her lord on the lost field where he has gone down fighting":

"great Odysseus melted into tears, running down from his eyes to wet his cheeks … as a woman weeps, her arms flung round her darling husband, a man who fell in battle, fighting for town and townsmen, trying to beat the day of doom from home and children. Seeing the man go down, dying, gasping for breath, she clings for dear life, screams and shrills— but the victors, just behind her, digging spear-butts into her back and shoulders, drag her off in bondage, yoked to hard labor, pain, and the most heartbreaking torment wastes her cheeks. So from Odysseus’ eyes ran tears of heartbreak now" (208).

What are some examples of allusion in the story, "The Necklace?"

It would be hard to find examples of specific allusions in "The Necklace" but there are examples of general allusions in Mathilde Loisel's fantasies and daydreams.

She thought of silent antechambers hung with Oriental tapestry, illumined by tall bronze candelabra, and of two great footmen in knee breeches who sleep in the big armchairs, made drowsy by the oppressive heat of the stove. She thought of long reception halls hung with ancient silk, of the dainty cabinets containing priceless curiosities and of the little coquettish perfumed reception rooms made for chatting at five o'clock with intimate friends, with men famous and sought after, whom all women envy and whose attention they all desire.

Here the narrator is alluding to the kind of lifestyle Mathilde feels should be hers; though she has never actually experienced this degree of wealth and leisure (she was born into an upper-middle-class family), she has witnessed the luxuries her wealthy friends command—and this haunts her imagination. She has a little Breton girl to do all her housework, eats well, and leads a comfortable life, yet still she is unhappy. 

Mathilde Loisel makes her own life miserable with her longing for things she cannot have. There are a number of similarities between the life Mathilde longs for and the portraits of such a life that appeared in romantic literature at the time. Perhaps Maupassant's descriptions allude to the cheap romantic literature of his day, suggesting that unrealistic portraits ultimately prove unsatisfying and destructive. Maupassant was a realist. His writing is the exact opposite of the highly derivative romantic fantasy literature he perhaps alludes to satirically in the passage quoted above.

Who had better ideas, Jefferson or Hamilton?

The answer to this question is, of course, a matter of opinion.  I will set out the main ideas of each man and let you decide which of them had better ideas.

Thomas Jefferson believed that all people (or at least all white men) should be equal. He believed very strongly in democracy and he believed that you could only have a good democracy if everyone who had a say in the government was equal to everyone else.  To Jefferson, this meant that the United States needed to be a country of small farmers. He believed that pretty much everyone had to have their own small farm so that they would not depend on anyone else for their livelihood.  He felt that a person who depended on someone else (like a worker) could not be equal to their boss.  He believed that such people would be controlled by their bosses.  This would give their bosses too much power in the government because they could tell many people how to vote.  For these reasons, Jefferson wanted almost all Americans to be small farmers.

Alexander Hamilton was not so interested in equality.  He thought that people were naturally going to form hierarchies because some people are simply smarter and more talented than others. He thought that the most important thing was for the country to become wealthy.  He believed that we needed an industrial economy in order for this to happen. Therefore, he proposed policies that would help American industries grow.  He did not care if a few people became rich and powerful. He felt that this was the only way for the country to become wealthy.  He preferred an unequal, but wealthy country.

So, which of these sounds better to you?  Do you like the idea of a country that is rich but unequal, or one that is not as rich, but where everyone is more equal?

Swadesh Kumar is visiting his village. He is accompanied by one of his friends. They decided to have a cup of tea at the village roadside hotel....

To answer your question, we first have to define what fundamental rights are. Depending on where you live, fundamental rights constitute specific rights that are protected under the constitution of any country. This can include freedoms like the right to religious freedom, the right to equality, and the right to freedom of expression. In India, where Dalits are considered 'Untouchables,' constitutionally protected fundamental rights are especially important.

Dalits comprise much of the poverty-stricken working class in India. They are the agricultural workers, the street sweepers, and the manual scavengers. Many Dalits perform work the upper classes do not want to do. Because of their low position in India's social hierarchy, the Dalits are often discriminated against. Fundamental rights provided in India's constitution include the right to equality, which establishes that all Indian citizens may have equal access to public facilities, dining establishments, and living accommodations. Therefore, Swadesh Kumar's Dalit friend has been denied the fundamental right of equal access to facilities and service options within the roadside hotel.

Instead of being served tea in a mug comparable in quality to the one Swadesh is drinking from, the Dalit is served tea in an earthen cup. So, yes, his fundamental right of equal access has been denied by the shopkeeper's discriminatory act.

Hello, I am writing a essay for Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. I am unsure how to reword my universal idea for my essay. Universal...

One aim of a revision here will be to create a statement that is at once broad enough to encompass the entire argument you will pursue in your essay and also specific enough to communicate the essential point that anchors the essay's argument.

Manipulating others for selfish reasons will inevitably lead to negative consequences.  

We will want to tie this idea to the novel directly if we can and begin to present some of the points of evidence that you will use to support the argument. 

Is the focus of your essay on the character of Okonkwo and his tendency to rule his household according to self-interest (so that he will be seen as strong, manly and successful)? If this is the case, you may want to indicate Okonkwo in your thesis statement. 

The notion that Okonkwo's behavior can be described as creating and sustaining a cycle of fear is certainly present in the text. 

"Okonkwo ruled his household with a heavy hand. His wives, especially the youngest, lived in perpetual fear of his fiery temper and so did his little children. Perhaps down in his heart Okonkwo was not a cruel man. But his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness."

Okonkwo's temperamental behavior, which often manifests as harsh treatment of others, is thus suggested to be a negative aspect of his character and is connected to a cycle akin to the one suggested in your current thesis. 

If your focus will be on the English who use certain specific weaknesses of the Igbo social system (i.e., its most strident and exclusionary practices) to undermine the stronger elements of the social system (i.e., the Igbo sense of social continuity and cultural identity), we will want to build that into the thesis statement as well if we can. 

Working in this direction, your thesis argument would attempt to deal with these ideas explicitly: The self-interest of individuals and social groups that leads to manipulative behavior in Things Fall Apart suggests a negative cycle with inevitable consequences. Okonkwo's treatment of his family parallels the manipulative behavior of the English colonists in the novel and each contributes to a thematic question regarding integrity and moral strength. 

Finally, a note on grammar: Be careful to avoid pronoun disagreement.

Universal Idea: manipulating others leads to consequences especially if one is engulfed by their selfish mindset.

In the current version of your thesis, the term "one" is in disagreement with the possessive pronoun "their." A variety of alternatives have been presented above, but if you were to simply adjust this statement we would want to replace "their" with "a," "his," "her," or "his or her." Other revisions would work equally well, such as adjusting "their selfish mindset" to "selfish interests" or "self-interest."

What kinds of tests are used to identify cations?

A cation is a positively charged ion. The type of cation present in a salt can often be identified by the color of the precipitate formed when various chemicals are added to the salt. Cations can also be identified by performing a flame test. A flame test involves observing the color produced when a salt is placed in a flame.

Precipitation Tests

Addition of sodium hydroxide solution:

• Copper: produces a blue jelly-like precipitate


• Iron II: produces a green gelatinous precipitate


• Iron III: produces a rust-brown gelatinous precipitate


• Lead II: produces a white precipitate that dissolves in excess sodium hydroxide


• Zinc: produces a white precipitate


• Aluminum: produces a colorless precipitate

Addition of ammonia solution::

• Copper: produces a blue jelly-like precipitate that dissolves in excess ammonia


• Iron II: produces a green gelatinous precipitate


• Iron III: produces a rust-brown gelatinous precipitate


• Lead II: produces a white precipitate


• Zinc: produces a white precipitate that dissolves in excess ammonia


• Aluminum: produces a colorless precipitate

Precipitation reactions using other types of chemicals may also be performed.

Flame Tests

• Barium: produces a light green flame


• Calcium: produces a dark red flame


• Copper: produces a green flame with blue streaks


• Lithium: produces a crimson flame


• Potassium: produces a lilac flame


• Sodium: produces a yellow flame

How does the mom in "A Good Man is Hard" affect the story?

The mother doesn't really seem to do very much in the story at all.  She isn't even given a name -- she's just "the children's mother" who had a "face [...] as broad an innocent as a cabbage [...]."  She's compared to both a vegetable here, and then a rabbit in the next line, as a result of the way she has tied her kerchief with "two points on the top like a rabbit's ears."  When we say that someone is a vegetable, it's because they seem to have no life force or will of their own.  Then, to compare her to a rabbit seems to emphasize her role as a breeder, as rabbits are known for their frequent and sizeable litters of babies.  Thus, the mother's main function is her role as a mother, and that's it. 

In the accident, the mother is thrown from the car but seems relatively unhurt.  However, even after her husband and son have been led away and killed, the mother seems numb, replying "'Yes, thank you,'" when asked if she would like to join them with her remaining children.  She's just a sort of non-entity, without will or opinion or voice. 

Where does Isabel go when she runs out of the Lockton's house?

Isabel leaves the Lockton home and goes to the Bellingham's home. 

A bit earlier in the novel, readers learn that the Locktons are British supporters. At that time, the Bellingham's servant, Curzon, asks Isabel to spy on the Locktons and report to him anything of interest that she hears or sees.  The offer is tempting, because it offers Isabel the chance to earn her freedom back; however, Isabel refuses to do it.  

Isabel changes her mind about spying on the Locktons after Madam Lockton makes Ruth the equivalent of a pet.  Isabel witnesses Mr. Lockton holding a secret meeting with other British supporters, and she overhears some valuable information.  Isabel risks leaving the Lockton home that night in order to report what she has seen and heard to Curzon.  Isabel believes that her information should earn freedom for her and Ruth right away, but Curzon tells her to return home and wait for further instructions.  

The political alignment that was in place when Andrew Jackson was inaugurated has become known as the “second party system.” Explain: How the...

When Andrew Jackson entered office in 1829, he inaugurated the Second Party System. The First Party System traces its roots to the differences between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists in the early Republic. As the name suggests, the Federalists favored a strong federal government, a federal bank, and the Constitution, while the Anti-Federalists were opposed to the Constitution and federal bank and supported states' rights. In the 1790s, the Anti-Federalists eventually became the Democratic-Republicans (called the "Republican Party" for short). Jefferson and Madison were members of the Democratic-Republican party. They supported states' rights and the development of agrarian, or farmers' interests, as opposed to industrialization. The Democratic-Republicans were mainly the party of farmers and those in the south and west, while northern industrialists favored the Federalists. 

During the short-lived Era of Good Feelings, partisanship, or political differences, faded after 1816. During the Second Party System, Jackson's Democratic party ushered in a period of greater political representation when more white men were able to vote. Jackson's party favored states' rights and supported a policy of westward expansion while trying to avoid battles over slavery. The Whig party developed in opposition to the Democratic party during the Second Party System. In general, Democrats were supported by farmers and by southerners and westerners, while Whigs drew their support from the Northeast.

Continued battles over expansion and the fate of slavery caused the demise of the Second Party System. Parties such as the Free Soil Party developed in the late 1840s to oppose the expansion of slavery into new western territories in the hopes that slavery would eventually die out if it were not allowed to expand. By the early 1850s, the Whig party collapsed, and Republicans developed in opposition to slavery. The first Republican President was Lincoln, who took office in 1861 and who opposed the expansion of slavery and eventually slavery itself during the Civil War. Lincoln also supported a strong federal government, and he increased the power of the federal government during the Civil War. Thus began the Third Party System with Democrats and Republicans. 

According to Malcolm X, why was Marcus Garvey controversial?

Malcolm X believes that Marcus Garvey was controversial because he posed a significant threat to the white power establishment.

In chapter 1 of The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Malcolm narrates why his family was harassed one night in Omaha, Nebraska.  Members of the Ku Klux Klan surrounded the house, "brandishing their shotguns and rifles." They shouted threats and warnings" that the family "better get out of town."  The Klansmen said that "the good Christian white people' were not going to stand for my father's 'spreading trouble' with the 'back to Africa' preachings of Marcus Garvey."

Malcolm believes that Garvey was perceived by whites as "the most controversial black man on Earth."  Garvey's teachings were centered on how people of color can improve their own condition without the help of white America.  Malcolm X argues that Garvey advocated "freedom, independence, and self respect" for people of color.  Malcolm X felt that these ideas made Garvey controversial because they asserted Black strength and power while lessening dependency on white people.  Malcolm X believed that Garvey was controversial because he "stressed becoming independent of the white man." Malcolm X believed that the power whites exerted over African- Americans was a form of subjugation.  When Black Americans were dependent on whites, it meant that they were being controlled by them.  In Garvey's controversial assertion of independence, the power and strength of Black Americans were affirmed.  

Why did Iggy stop harassing Kevin and Max?

I'm going to guess that your question is referencing Chapter 11, in which Kevin and Max attempt to return Loretta Lee's stolen purse.  In this chapter, Max quickly gets a bad feeling about the place they've come to and the people they are about to meet, but once Loretta opens the door, he has a difficult time making an escape.  Kevin says several times that he has to return home, but his comments are ignored. When Iggy sees the unlikely duo of Freak and Max, he seizes the opportunity to make fun of others who are weaker than himself. In fact, 

. . . he gives Loretta this secret look, like he's going to have some fun here.

He proceeds to question the boys, to make threatening remarks to them, even suggesting that they might have stolen money from Loretta's purse.  However, his whole attitude changes when Loretta suddenly remembers why Max looks so familiar to her.  As soon as Iggy realizes that Max must be the son of "Killer Kane," he stops the harassment.  He explains:

''What if Killer Kane hears I was messing with his kid? No thank you."

Knowing who Max's father is is enough to stop Iggy's torment of the boys, and they soon are able to make their way out of the apartment unharmed.

Which sociological perspective best describes the effects of poverty?

I would argue that symbolic interactionism is the sociological perspective that best describes the EFFECTS of poverty.  Other perspectives may do a better job of explaining why poverty arises or persists, but symbolic interactionism is best-placed to explain how poverty affects the people who are poor.

The other sociological perspectives, structural functionalism and conflict theory, are better equipped to talk about why people become or remain poor.  These are macro-level theories that are meant to tell us how society as a whole functions.  For example, conflict theory tells us that (in its view) people become and remain poor because their group has lost the conflict with richer people (and perhaps with those of another race).  They might argue that there is a conflict between white and non-white people and that the non-whites are typically poorer because the whites have won this conflict.  This allows them to divert resources to themselves and to make rules for society that help them and hurt others.  These sorts of perspectives are good at explaining why things happen in society, but they are not so good at helping us to understand how things affect people.

Symbolic interactionism, on the other hand, is a micro-level perspective.  It does not look at large chunks of society.  Instead, it looks at the way individuals interact with and understand their environments.  Symbolic interactionism says that we human beings look at our world and see symbols.  We look, for example, at what other people do and we interpret their actions, telling ourselves what those actions symbolize or mean.  This perspective is all about how people interpret the world.  Therefore, symbolic interactionism would be interested in looking at how poor people interpret their world.  Do they all see themselves as poor?  If so, do they feel oppressed by this feeling?  By contrast, do they actually feel pride or a sense of being somehow morally superior to those who are not poor?  Symbolic interactionists would ask this kind of question because they would want to understand how poor people interpret their poverty.  This makes symbolic interactionism (in my view) the best perspective for understanding the effects of poverty (as opposed to its causes).

What properties make gasoline a good coolant?

The term coolant refers to a substance that helps draw heat away from an object. A coolant needs to have a high thermal capacity so that it can absorb a large quantity of heat with a small increase in temperature. It would also need to have a high ignition temperature so that it does not catch fire with a small increase in temperature. Good coolants are also non toxic, chemically inert, and do not cause damage to what is being cooled by corrosion.

Gasoline has an ignition temperature of approximately 280 C, the specific heat of gasoline is 2.2 kJ/kg K and a freezing point of -40 to -50 C. It starts to vaporize at 70 C and the final boiling temperature is 210 C.

It is not very clear why gasoline would be a good coolant with the properties that have been mentioned. At temperatures below 100 C, water is a great coolant and by the time the temperature reaches 100 C around 70% of gasoline would have evaporated.

He had directed, in great part, the movable embellishments of the seven chambers, upon occasion of this great fête; and it was his own guiding...

As for figurative language, Poe makes an allusion to the Victor Hugo play, Hernani, first performed in 1830, in order to enrich his own imagery by relying on the splendor associated with another famous production.  Poe also personifies the clock, giving it a voice, and thus making it seem more powerful and symbolic than we might otherwise consider it to be.  He also compares the masqueraders to living dreams via metaphor.  The personification of the clock continues when the narrator describes its chimes as dying.

In terms of imagery, the descriptions of the masqueraders allows us to visualize what the scene must look like.  They are all "glare and glitter and piquancy and phantasm" in one, "writhing" in and out of the various colored rooms, taking their own hue from the colors around them.  The description of the "ebony clock which stands in the hall of the velvet" is visual imagery as well, and auditory imagery is used to describe its chimes ringing out in the dead-silence that envelops the courtiers when the hour arrives: "all is still, and all is silent save the voice of the clock."  We get further visual imagery from the description of the light in the room where the clock is located: the ruddy light pours in through "blood-coloured panes," seeming to soak the whole room.

Poe repeats words such as "dreams" and well as descriptors that signal something strange (like "grotesque" and "disgust") to emphasize that what is happening in these rooms is simply not natural, and thus the mood is one of both anticipation and dread of the outcome.  These feelings are furthered by the repetition of words that mean black -- sable, ebony -- and red -- blood, ruddy -- making the mood that much more deadly and dreadful.

What are structural adjustment programs?

Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) are loans given to developing countries that are in the midst of economic crises by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB). The loans come with many conditions attached for reforming the country's economy. The conditions attached to the loans all follow neoliberal principles of economic reform. The IMF and the World Bank began giving loans to developing countries in the 1950s, in order to encourage development, retard the spread of communism, and to encourage foreign direct investment (FDI) in the developing states. Many of the loans were given specifically to create or improve infrastructure and industry in the countries, such as roads and airports, mining and other industries.

SAPs are most often given to countries that are struggling with overwhelming foreign debt. During the oil crisis of the 1970s, many OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) countries had a lot of money to invest, due to the high price of oil. They began offering loans to developing countries in need, which accepted the loans. After the oil crisis resolved, lending countries raised interest rates on loans, and the struggling developing countries had difficulty making payments. This resulted in an economic crisis for many developing countries in the 1980s. The IMF and World Bank stepped in to offer SAPs, which would consolidate the debt these countries had and attempt to balance trade imbalances. 

The SAP loans come with many structural adjustment conditions the receiving country must make to their economy. All of these conditions follow neoliberal, "free market" economic policy. Some common conditions are: 

• Devaluing the national currency in order to eliminate deficits in payments


• Austerity measures: reducing government spending and raising taxes in order to eliminate governmental budget deficits


• Restructuring/refinancing foreign debt


• Financing government debts via various types of monetary policy


• Raising food prices and eliminating agricultural subsidies


• Raising the price of government-provided (public) services


• Cutting wages, particularly wages paid to government employees


• Enacting laws that favor foreign investors


• Fighting government corruption, improving and professionalizing state governance


• Privatizing state-owned enterprises (many states own certain enterprises, such as copper mining in Chile. This measure requires that the state-owned enterprises be sold off to private companies/investors.)


• Focusing the economy on exports and natural resource extraction


• Opening domestic stock markets

SAPs are highly controversial, due to several factors. First, the infrastructure projects in the developing states allowed developed countries to promote foreign direct investment by their domestic businesses in the developing states. Thus, Western industrialized countries profited via FDI, as their domestic businesses invested in mining, agriculture, infrastructure projects, and other natural resource extraction activities in the developing states. Western states gained great economic benefits from these activities as a result. Second, SAPs strictly follow neoliberal economic policies, which have not been proven to result in long-term economic growth and stability. Third, SAPs greatly reduce the autonomy of a state, rendering the government powerless to enact its own economic policies. Critics say that this threatens the sovereignty of states, as they are unable to control their own policies, and instead delegate that power to an outside international organization. Fourth, the austerity policies prescribed by the IMF and the World Bank have not resulted in economic growth in the affected countries. Rather, economic stagnation has been the norm in most of the countries using SAPs. Because SAPs overemphasize balancing a government's budget, they often prescribe cutting services that, while not directly beneficial to the economy in the short term, are crucial for economic growth in the long term. Government-provided services, such as education, public health, and welfare programs are crucial for long-term economic growth. If a state has a poor education system, it cannot adequately prepare its citizens for the workforce, and will not have valuable contributors to the economy in the long term. Cuts to public health programs can result in the spread of deadly diseases, and dealing with the spread of and effects of these diseases may cost governments more than providing the initial public health services to begin with. Fifth, criticisms of the "one size fits all" nature of SAPs note that policies are often the same with regard to rural and urban areas, which need distinct and separate policies, due to the differing nature of rural and urban economies. Sixth, and most important, SAPs have not been proven to work. Often, the results promised by the SAPs do not materialize, and the economies of the borrowing states stagnate. There is not much empirical evidence to date to support the implementation of SAPs. (Bird, G. "IMF Programs: Do they Work? Can they be made to work better?" World Development vol 29, no.11 (2001))

Of all the mutations, which one would MOST LIKELY contribute to a rapid rate of extinction?

Let's first consider the major types of mutations possible in terms of the DNA sequence and the resulting amino acid sequence.

1. Missense mutation: change in 1 base pair of DNA results in change of 1 amino acid to another.

2. Nonsense mutation: change in 1 base pair of DNA results in change of 1 amino acid to a stop codon. This leads to an early termination of the original peptide sequence.

3. Insertion: addition of base pairs of DNA (in groups of three) leads to the addition of amino acids to the peptide sequence.

4. Deletion: the deletion of base pairs of DNA (in groups of three) leads to deletions of amino acids from the peptide sequence.

5. Frameshift mutations: addition or deletion of base pairs of DNA (not in groups of 3) leads to shifting of coding frame. This leads to all the amino acids downstream from the mutation to be changed.

For all of the mutations listed above, there is potential for the resulting protein to no longer function like it should. This could have several potentially important implications. For example, this may make the protein perform its function better, leading to better survival/reproduction capabilities of the organism. These gain-of-function mutations may be beneficial to the fitness of the organism and this is the basis for evolution and natural selection. However, if the resulting mutant protein can no longer perform some important function in the organism (eg. the organism is no longer able to metabolize key nutrients), this will decrease the overall fitness and may contribute to the extinction of the species.

Of the mutations listed, frameshift mutations and nonsense mutations are most likely to have large effects and contribute to an extinction. This is because they have the biggest effects on the resulting peptide sequence, especially if the mutation occurs at the beginning of the coding sequence. Changing or losing all of the downstream coding sequence is likely to produce a protein that does not fold normally, or no longer has the necessary active site to catalyze its reaction.

Read this sentence from “The Gift of the Magi” and answer the question. Jim stopped inside the door, as immovable as a setter at the scent of...

Jim stops frozen in his tracks. His reaction is probably that he thinks he may have entered the wrong apartment by mistake. He doesn't even recognize his wife at first. He thinks he is looking at a stranger, and he doesn't understand what this strange woman is doing in his apartment and what has become of Della. Della was expecting a strong reaction from her husband when he saw her without her long hair--but she didn't know what kind of reaction to expect. Jim's reaction is completely outside the bounds of anything she might have expected because she can't really see herself as another person might see her. She has already become familiar with her new appearance, since she has spent hours looking at herself in the mirror and trying to do something with her short remaining hair. 

Jim's reaction shows the enormous change that has taken place in Della's appearance. He is, of course, used to coming home every night and seeing the same young woman with the same long hair. This is actually the first time that the reader gets a full realization of how different Della must look. Jim's reaction would not be one of surprise, shock, astonishment, dismay, or any such emotions. It would be one of complete disorientation. Where am I? How did I get in here? Who is this woman? What is she thinking? Is she going to scream for help? This is because he expected to see one familiar woman and sees a complete stranger. The transformation was so radical because women wore their hair so long in those days. 

So now Della's beautiful hair fell about her, rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters. It reached below her knee and made itself almost a garment for her.

Then his own wife gradually comes into focus in his brain with her new look. O. Henry has done a masterful job of describing Jim's reaction. The reader, like Della, didn't know what to expect of Jim when he saw her. O. Henry hit upon exactly the right reaction of disorientation. Jim was not expecting anything new. Jim's reaction is funny and was intended to be funny. 

Explain the differences in men and women as both victims and offenders in terms of deviance and crime. Are the rates of victimization and crime...

In general, men are far more likely to commit crimes than women. Men constitute 98 percent of those arrested in the United States for rape and over 90 percent of those arrested for homicide. Males are also far more likely to be perpetrators of violent crimes than females. It is only in larceny-theft.and 51.3% embezzlement that we approach gender equality in criminal behavior. Similarly, in Canada, men are four times more likely to be arrested for crimes than women and commit over 85 percent of felonies.

In terms of victimology, men are over twice as likely to be victims of homicide or assault then women, but are far less likely to be victims of rape, kidnapping, or criminal harassment (e.g. stalking).

Criminologists have attempted to explain these gender differences using various different models including evolutionary biology, social norms, and gender inequality. Evolutionary biologists argue that the history of the human race has predisposed men to violent and competitive behaviors and women to cooperative ones due to the needs of child rearing and the different demands of hunting and plant gathering. Next, women are socialized in North America to exhibit more self control and less aggression. Also it is theorized that traditionally female lifestyles provide less opportunity for criminal behavior. 

How is Giles’ deposition turned against him in The Crucible?

Giles Corey's deposition states that Mr. Putnam told his daughter, Ruth, to accuse George Jacobs of witchcraft so that Putnam could buy his land (which would go up for auction upon Jacobs's conviction).  Corey says that "none but Putnam [has] the coin to buy so great a piece."  When Danforth asks for proof, Corey points to his deposition and says, "The proof is there!  I have it from an honest man who heard Putnam say it!"  However, Corey will not tell Danforth the name of this "honest man" because he knows the man will end up in jail if he reveals his identity in front of Putnam.  Danforth believes, though, that if he were a "decent man," he would come openly to the court with his evidence; if he would "hide in anonymity," then Danforth believes that he has other motives in accusing Putnam of being "a common murderer."  When Corey continues to refuse to give the name, Danforth arrests him "in contempt of court" and threatens him with jail.

Who is telling the story to the reader? In other words, who is the narrator?

The narrator in the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest is "Chief" Bromden, a Native American patient who has been in the asylum for his schizophrenia longer than any of the other patients. In many ways, Chief acts as a foil (or a character with opposite characteristics from the protagonist) for the protagonist of the story, Randle McMurphy. McMurphy is new to the asylum, while Chief has been there for a long time. This gives the two opposing perspectives; while McMurphy is like the new kid in school, pushing boundaries to see how far he can go, Chief knows the lay of the land better. This can be a hindrance to Chief, however, as he also seems resigned to living the rest of his life in the asylum. 

The characters act as foils for one another based on their personality traits as well. While Chief has pretended to be deaf and mute for years (the better to quietly observe the asylum and stay out of people's way), McMurphy is outgoing, loud, and extroverted.

The main characteristic the two characters share is their intelligence. Chief makes such an excellent narrator because his years of quiet observation have led to numerous insights about the world of the asylum. Having McMurphy front and center of the action, though, allows the readers to engage with that system and learn while McMurphy is learning how it all works and how it can and cannot be disrupted.

Name the following compounds:

The names of these compounds are:

a) 4,4-dimethylhexanoic acid and,

b) Propyl heptanoate

Lets discuss how we name these compounds. The very first step is the identification of the functional group in any given compound. In the case of compound (a), the functional group -COO- is the carboxyl group and hence it is a carboxylic acid. For the naming of carboxylic acids, all the carbons including the carbon in the functional group is counted and a suffix of "-oic acid" is used. Here, we can see that two methyl (-CH3) groups are attached to the carboxylic acid at carbon number 4 (counting from the carboxyl group) and hence the use of 4,4-dimethyl. There are 6 carbon atoms on the main chain, and hence the name hexanoic acid. Together, the compound is named 4,4-dimethylhexanoic acid. 

For compound (b), one can easily identify that the form of the compound is R-COO-R', which is the form of esters. These compounds are formed by the reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The compounds are named by placing the name of the alkyl group (propyl, in this case) further away from the carbonyl group first and then the name of alkane group on the side of carbonyl group (including the carbonyl group). The alkane group's name is augmented with "-oate". And hence the name of compound (b) is propyl heptanoate. 

Hope this helps. 

What is the legislative branch?

There are three branches of government in our plan of government. Each branch has a different job to do. This means that no branch can do the entire job of governing alone. The branches also are able to control the actions of the other branches to some degree.

The legislative branch makes our laws. On the national level, the legislative branch consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. These two groups make up our Congress. There 100 senators. Each state has two senators. There are 435 members of the House of Representatives. The number of representatives is based on the population of a state. Larger states have more representatives than smaller states. There are many steps a potential law, called a bill, must pass before it can become a law. It is the job of the legislative branch to work on making our laws.

There are two other branches. The executive branch carries out our laws. The President and the Vice President are some members of the executive branch. The judicial branch determines what our laws mean. The judicial branch determines if laws are constitutional or unconstitutional. The courts are part of the judicial branch.

We have three branches of government in our plan of government.

Phillip assumes that his father is looking for him, but what doesn't he understand?

In The Cay by Theodore Taylor, Phillip, Timothy, and Stew Cat become stranded on a small island after the ship they were on is torpedoed. Phillip assumes his father, who is still living on Curacao, will leave no stone unturned to find him. Phillip expects his father to show up at any minute to rescue him. What Phillip does not understand is that the island, or cay, where he and Timothy have landed is so small that it does not even have a name. It is also hidden back in what Timothy calls the Devil's Mouth and is very difficult to find. Of course Phillip's father is looking for him, but considering the torpedoed ship and everything surrounding the situation, most people think that Phillip is dead. When Phillip is finally rescued, he is given this information.

"There was still disbelief in his voice when he said he'd checked all the charts and publications on the bridge; our cay was so small that the charts wouldn't even dignify it with a name. But Timothy had been right. It was tucked back up in the Devil's Mouth" (Taylor 134).

In the first chapters of Elie Wiesel's Night, what themes emerge in regard to humanity, and where in the text do you see these themes emerging?

In chapters 1 and 2 of Elie Wiesel's Night, different themes emerge in regards to humanity. In chapter 1, the main theme is denial. Despite ever worsening conditions and the opportunity to flee, Elie's family and the other Jews of Sighet cling to hope. The characters' beliefs might seem delusional to the reader, but as these men and women have no idea about the horrors that await them, their denial about the situation is not completely unfounded.

In chapter 2, the main theme is dehumanization. Stripped of their possessions, the Jews of Sighet are loaded into cattle cars for transportation to Auschwitz. Throughout the journey Mrs. Schachter raves on about a fire only she can see. Her madness alludes to the fate shared by many of the men, women, and children standing around her: the ovens at Auschwitz. Though further dehumanization occurs in later chapters, chapter 2 sets the stage for what is to come.

In the story "The Most Dangerous Game," where does the line 'black bearded' come in. I can't find it in the story.

This is a good question.  These words, "black bearded" come into the story when Rainsford finally gets to shore onto the island.  As he proceeds to the house on the island and knocks on the doors, the door opens and he sees a huge man, Ivan.  Here is his description of him:

The first thing Rainsford's eyes discerned was the largest man Rainsford had ever seen--a gigantic creature, solidly made and black bearded to the waist. In his hand the man held a long-barreled revolver, and he was pointing it straight at Rainsford's heart.

We can say that this is Rainsford's first encounter with the inhabitants of the island.  His first interaction does not bode well.  To be sure, General Zaroff, at first, seems congenial and kind, but Rainsford will quickly find out that General Zaroff and Ivan are not good hosts.  They are blood-thirsty and they will seek to hunt him in a game of wits.  In the end, Rainsford decides to go on the offensive in a game where he will have to kill or be killed. Fortunately for Rainsford, he wins. 

What are the factors that cause a decrease in the supply of petroleum?

There are factors that can lead to a decrease in the supply of petroleum or oil. One of those factors is the price of oil. If the price of oil drops too low, it becomes unprofitable for companies or countries to drill for oil, especially if they have to drill deep into the earth to reach it. It is more expensive to drill deep into the earth. Thus, a low price for oil may make it unprofitable to drill for oil.

Another factor that could lead to a decrease in the supply of oil is if the demand for oil drops. If the demand for oil drops and the supply remains unchanged, the price of oil will decrease. Thus, a lower demand may lead to a lower supply to keep prices at current levels.

Global conflicts could also lead to a decrease in the supply of oil. If there is political instability in oil producing countries, or if a war breaks out in oil producing regions, the supply of oil may be disrupted. It may be too dangerous to ship the oil because of the conflict. It may also be more difficult to drill for oil if a war is going on or if there is political instability.

There are factors that could lead to a decrease in the supply of oil.

A is the father of B. But B is not the son of A. How’s that possible?

Hello!

This is the standard riddle, probably Bilbo and Gollum asked it one to another :)

It exploits our languages' historical sexism: somebody is by default he. Especially if "he" father has been mentioned already. Also a human being is called "a man" in English.

But "me, your father" may have not only sons, but also daughters. So the answer for this situation is "B is the daughter of A".

Let's consider this situation from the point of view of mathematics (functions, mappings). Denote the set of all people (live or not) as P and define the function F from P to P, F(human) = the farther of this human. This function is defined for every human from P, but it has no inverse function, because not every human is somebody's father.

How does Ralph compare and contrast with Jack?

Both boys have qualities of natural leadership at the beginning of the story. Jack leads his hunters to the first meeting and immediately suggests that he should be chief when the idea is brought up. After all, he has experience. Ralph, on the other hand, is quieter and in some ways less the natural choice but the fact that Jack scares some of the boys coupled with the fact that Ralph blew the conch lands him in the chief's chair to begin.

Ralph is fixated on being rescued and returning to what he considers to be the normal way of life. He wants to have the structure and certainty of adults and rules and civilization. He cannot understand why the other boys are not as eager to work towards this goal and would often rather play or hunt than build shelters or maintain the signal fire.

Jack understands the fear and uncertainty the boys feel about their situation and quickly learns to manipulate it to consolidate his position as a leader. He too is unsure at first. After success as a hunter and leading some of the boys over to his side he quickly becomes more and more confident and more brazen in his willingness to do whatever it takes to gain control.

In Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, which characters support Linda? Which characters oppose Linda?

Linda is supported by her own family members, her first mistress, and the Bruce family. Linda is opposed by the Flints.

At the beginning, Linda has a decent life. Her mother is a good cook, and her father is an esteemed carpenter. In fact, Linda does not even know she is a slave until she turns six (when her mother dies). Even at that point, she is given to her very first mistress who is a pleasure to work for in that she teaches Linda to read and allows her to "sew for hours" while she sits by her mistress' side. Later on, Mrs. Bruce supports Linda by caring for her children's welfare. As noted above, it is Mrs. Bruce who says that "it is better for you to have the baby with you, Linda." Encouraging Linda to take her child with her on the journey shows that Mrs. Bruce is truly on Linda's side. Of course, "Aunt Marthy" (who is actually Linda's maternal grandmother) is always in support of Linda as well. It is for this reason that Linda's grandmother's house is searched "from top to bottom" when Linda escapes.

On the other hand, Dr. Flint and Mrs. Flint are most definitely opposed to Linda. They verbally abuse her continually. Further, Dr. Flint sexually harasses Linda. Mrs. Flint is jealous of Linda and takes it out on her. Dr. Flint continually says things like the following:

By heavens, girl, you forget yourself too far! Are you mad? If you are, I will soon bring you to your senses. 

Dr. Flint dresses Linda in a "scanty wardrobe" on purpose (in order to provide himself the pleasure of looking at her). He continually makes sexual advances, hoping that Linda will comply willingly. She never does; therefore, Dr. Flint continues his verbal abuse until she escapes.

How did Roosevelt’s philosophy toward solving the problems of the Great Depression impact social programs we have today?

Franklin D. Roosevelt had a very different philosophy regarding the government’s involvement in trying to deal with the Great Depression. Unlike President Hoover who believed the government should have little to no involvement in dealing with the crisis, President Roosevelt believed the government should be actively involved in trying to deal with the impact of the Great Depression.

This philosophy changed how many Americans viewed the role of government during times of great distress. President Roosevelt launched a series of programs to get people back to work. Some of his programs also tried to bring about reforms to prevent future depressions from occurring. President Roosevelt’s programs were designed to lead us on the road to recovery. Because the government was so involved in the Great Depression, people began to view the government as a safety net during times of serious trouble. No longer could the government sit back and tell the American people to wait until a depression or some serious situation ended. People expected the government to be involved when things were really bad.

Some of our social programs today reflect this philosophy. The Social Security program developed by President Roosevelt is a good example. Many elderly people rely on the income they receive each month from Social Security. The Medicare and Medicaid programs are other examples of social programs on which many people rely today for medical care. Ending or modifying these programs could have catastrophic consequences for millions of Americans. When we were in the Great Recession of 2008-2009, some Americans expected the government to act. The government bailed out some American companies that were going bankrupt, especially those in the automobile industry. People also rely on the federal government when natural disasters strike. If the government doesn’t handle a natural disaster properly, as with the handling of the effects of Hurricane Katrina, it can lead to serious issues for the sitting President.

President Roosevelt’s philosophy on how the government should respond to a crisis has had a lasting impact on how our government operates today and the social programs that we currently have.

`a_1 = 80, a_(k + 1) = (-1/2)a_k` Write the first five terms of the geometric sequence. Determine the common ratio and write the nth term of...

The given are:

`a_1=80`

`a_(k+1) = (-1/2)a_k`

To determine the first five terms of the geometric sequence, plug-in the values k=1,2,3,4  to the given recursive formula.

When k=1, the nth term is:

`a_(1+1)=(-1/2)a_1`

`a_2=(-1/2)*80`

`a_2=-40`

When k=2, the nth term is:

`a_(2+1)=(-1/2)a_2`

`a_3=(-1/2)*(-40)`

`a_3=20`

When k=3, the nth term is:

`a_(3+1)=(-1/2)a_3`

`a_4=(-1/2)*20`

`a_4=-10`

And when k=4, the nth term is:

`a_(4+1)=(-1/2)a_4`

`a_5=(-1/2)*(-10)`

`a_5=5`

Therefore, the first five terms of the geometric sequence are `{80, -40, 20, -10, 5}` .

To determine the common ratio, apply the formula:

`r=a_(n+1)/a_n`

So the ratio of the consecutive terms of the geometric sequence is:

`r=a_5/a_4=5/(-10)=-1/2`

`r=a_4/a_3=(-10)/20=-1/2`

`r=a_3/a_2=20/(-40)=-1/2`

`r=a_2/a_1=(-40)/80=-1/2`

Thus, the common ratio of the geometric sequence is  `-1/2` .

To determine the nth term of geometric sequence, apply the formula:

`a_n=a_1*r^(n-1)`

Plugging in the values of a1 and r, the formula becomes:

`a_n=80*(-1/2)^(n-1)`

Hence, the nth term rule of this geometric sequence is  `a_n=80*(-1/2)^(n-1)` .

How does Lyddie react to being fired? What does she do to protect Brigid?

Lyddie is so taken aback by the interview when Mr. Marsden brings her before the company agent that she is speechless. Mr. Marsden accuses her of "moral turpitude," and she does not know what "turpitude" means. She is too embarrassed, of course, to ask them. The agent takes her silence as an admission of guilt, and before she knows it, she has been given her final pay with no honorable discharge, so she will be unable to get work at any other factory in town.

Feeling disgraced and defeated, she goes back to her room and packs her things. She explains to an incredulous Mrs. Bedlow that she has been let go, but not why. She then goes to the bank to withdraw her money and then to the bookstore, where she purchases a copy of Oliver Twist for Brigid and a dictionary. She is incensed when she learns that "turpitude" means having a "vile or shameful character." Back in her room, she quickly pens two letters.

She then stops to see Brigid at her home. She tells her that she has written to Mr. Marsden to say that if he ever bothers Brigid again, Lyddie will tell his wife "exactly what happened in the weaving room." She gives the second letter to Brigid, telling her to mail it to Mrs. Marsden if Mr. Marsden ever makes unwanted advances toward her again. After giving Brigid the book and saying good-bye, she accosts Mr. Marsden as he leaves the factory. She tells him she is not guilty of moral turpitude and then hands him the letter, telling him what it says. After that, she takes a stage to Boston to visit Diana.

In "The Monkey's Paw," why is Morris so afraid after he makes his third wish upon the monkey's paw?

Unless I am mistaken, you did not mean "Morris" in your question but Mr. White. Sergeant-Major Morris made three wishes while he was in India, but he does not seem afraid in the story, only revolted. And he does not say anything about being afraid after making his last wish while in India. On the other hand, Mr. White is terrified when he makes his third and last wish, and he still seems afraid after it seems as if his wish has been granted. He does not even venture outside after the knocking ceases until his wife goes out. It seems completely understandable that White would be so afraid even after the knocking had stopped. In fact, he could be even more afraid.

The fact that the knocking has stopped does not mean that the thing outside has gone away. The narrator does not tell us what White's third wish was, although we have a good idea without being told. No doubt White wished for two things: (1) for the knocking to stop, and (2) for whoever is doing that knocking to go away forever. But White doesn't have complete faith in the monkey's paw. The horrible creature he imagines--and we imagine!--standing right outside his front door might be cunning as well as hideous. It might have stopped knocking in order to entice the old couple to come out. It might be waiting in silence right beside the front door, ready to pounce when the couple emerges.

We can feel just as frightened by a dead silence as by a loud knocking. We are identified with Mr. White, and we don't like the idea of risking our lives by going out into that dark, cold night with him in our imaginations. Mrs. White is not frightened because she has never been afraid of her own son. And she has never been afraid of him because she never saw him when he was dead. That is why she goes out first. Then, when nothing happens to her, 

...a long loud wail of disappointment and misery from his wife gave him courage to run down to her side, and then to the gate beyond. The street lamp flickering opposite shone on a quiet and deserted road.

The "long loud wail of disappointment and misery" is pathetic, but it tells Mr. White that there is nobody out there, and this is what calms his fears and gives him courage to venture out himself. He goes all the way down to the gate and sees that his last wish has been fully granted. We will never know for sure whether it was Herbert or some stranger who was lost in this dark, isolated suburb and trying to get directions. The fact that there is no one visible on the road suggests that it was more likely Herbert and that he vanished by magic.

`a_1 = 1, r = 1/2` Write the first five terms of the geometric sequence.

The first five terms of geometric sequence can be computed with formula, such that:

`a_n = a_(n-1)*q`

`a_2 = a_1*q => a_2 = 1*1/2 => a_2 = 1/2`

`a_3 = a_2*q => a_3 = (1/2)(1/2) = 1/4`

`a_4 = a_3*q => a_4 =1/4*1/2 = 1/8`

`a_5 = a_4*q => a_5 =1/8*1/2 = 1/16`

Hence, evaluating the five terms of geometric sequence yields `a_2 = 1/2, a_3 =   1/4, a_4 =  1/8,  a_5 =  1/16.`