What is California's Alien Land Law about?

California’s first Alien Land Law was passed in 1913. It stated that aliens who were not eligible for citizenship could not own agricultural land or have a lease on agricultural land longer than three years. The law impacted immigrant populations in California, especially the Japanese, and hoped to keep immigrants out of California.

In 1920 another version of the Alien Land Act was passed. It ended the leasing of lands to aliens, stated that aliens could not own stock in companies that owned agricultural land, and required agents of ineligible aliens to report on the actions of those people.

The law was upheld in two court cases. In 1923 the United States Supreme Court upheld the law and in 1946 it was upheld by the California Supreme Court. It wasn’t overturned until 1952 when the California Supreme Court overturned the law, stating it violated equal protection under the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution.

Why does Jess need to be the fastest in his class in Bridge to Terabithia?

Jess needs to be the fastest in his class because he likes winning.  The narrator tells readers that Lark Creek Elementary does not have a lot of athletic equipment.  Anything that the school does have, the sixth and seventh graders nab right away.  The third through fifth graders are left with nothing other than having foot races across the field.  The previous school year, during one of those races, Jess had beaten everybody else, and he got a real taste for winning.  

One time last year Jesse had won. Not just the first heat but the whole shebang. Only once. But it had put into his mouth a taste for winning.

Jess needs to be the fastest kid in the class, because it will change the way other kids look at him.  The narrator also tells readers that Jess is the odd kid who draws a lot.  

Ever since he'd been in first grade he'd been that "crazy little kid that draws all the time." But one day - April the twenty-second, a drizzly Monday, it had been - he ran ahead of them all, the red mud slooching up through the holes in the bottom of his sneakers.

For the rest of that day, and until after lunch on the next, he had been "the fastest kid in the third, fourth, and fifth grades," and he only a fourth grader.

Jess believes that if he can consistently be the fastest kid in school, his classmates will revere him instead of thinking that he's odd.  

He could hear the third-grade boys screaming him on. They would follow him around like a country-music star. 

Lastly, Jess needs to be the fastest kid in order to earn his father's approval.  Jess desperately longs for his dad's love and attention.  His dad works long hours, so he is not home very much.  The dad also isn't fond of Jess doing art.  Jess figures that if he excels at running, his dad will be proud enough to want to spend more time with him.  

Maybe Dad would be so proud he'd forget all about how tired he was from the long drive back and forth to Washington and the digging and hauling all day. He would get right down on the floor and wrestle, the way they used to. Old Dad would be surprised at how strong he'd gotten in the last couple of years. 

What does cytoplasm do?

The cytoplasm is the fluid that is found between the cell membrane and nucleus of a cell. Sometimes this fluid is also referred to as the cytosol. Below, several functions of the cytoplasm are identified.

• The fluid of the cytoplasm helps suspend the organelles of eukaryotic cells. Protein strands that are dispersed throughout the cytoplasm provide extra support in holding a cell’s internal components in place.


• Since the cytoplasm holds the interior components of a cell in place, it helps prevent these structures form running into one another and causing damage to each other.


• The cytoplasm also contains many nutrients such as fatty acids, proteins, and carbohydrates that the cell uses for energy.


• Additionally, enzymes are dispersed throughout the cytoplasm. Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions within a cell. One such enzyme that is found in the cytoplasm is used to break down glucose into pyruvate. The pyruvate is then sent to the mitochondria to be used as fuel.

To which order was the name "Army of the Pope" given?

The "Army of the Pope" was the nickname given to the Jesuits. The Jesuits were led by Ignatius of Loyola and backed by Pope Paul III, who officially sanctioned the organization in 1540 through the issuance of a papal bull. The Jesuits were concerned with spreading the Roman Catholic faith against the threat of Protestant Reformation.

The group pledged their loyalty to the pope and practiced military style tactics to compliment preaching the gospel. Their violent tactics led to the nickname of Army of the Pope, as well as God's Soldiers and God's Marines. The opening lines of the founding document contain the line, "whoever desires to serve as a soldier of God."

As the Protestant Reformation began to spread across Europe during the 15th and early 16th centuries, the Catholic Church responded with efforts that would come to be known as "the Counter Reformation." The Jesuits also created schools and used non-violent missionaries to counter the claims of the Protestant Reformation. However, they earned this nickname because of the violent tactics they employed as well.

The cell membrane is composed of...?

The short answer would be that the cell membrane is a phospholipid bi-layer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes have two rows of phospholipids arranged so that the hydrophobic (water "hating") lipid chains are orientated towards each other, with the polar, hydrophilic (water "loving") heads outwards so that they are in contact with the environment inside and outside of the cell itself. The cell membrane acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell, but various materials must move in and out for the cell to survive. Small, uncharged particles can pass straight through the lipid bilayer. Larger molecules move through channels made of protein. Membrane proteins are also involved in cell recognition. Cholesterol molecules are a part of cell membranes, helping regulate the degree of rigidity of the membrane.

In general, cell membranes are similar to each other, but the percentage of proteins can vary based on what type of cell or organelle it is enclosing. See the attached link for more information on this.

How did President Hoover's philosophy of government guide his response to the depression?

President Hoover’s philosophy of government had a direct impact on his response to the Great Depression. President Hoover was the third Republican president of the 1920s. These presidents followed a philosophy known as the laissez-faire philosophy. This philosophy emphasizes a hands-off philosophy by the government. It also emphasizes getting out of the way of businesses and letting businesses take actions to run the economy. This philosophy stresses that government should have a very limited role in economic and in business matters.

When the Great Depression began, President Hoover believed the government should have a very limited role in trying to end the Great Depression. His initial reaction was to work with businesses on voluntary agreements where businesses would agree to keep their companies open and agree to not cut wages. This reflects Hoover’s philosophy of letting businesses try to work our way out of the Great Depression. It wasn’t until 1931, when the Great Depression got worse, that President Hoover got the government involved in trying to deal with the Great Depression.

President Hoover had three programs to try to deal with the Great Depression. The first program, called the National Credit Corporation, gave money to banks that were in distress so those banks could continue to make loans in their communities. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was created to give loans to different groups including farmers, railroad companies, and banks. The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided direct government aid to individuals in the form of loans and employment. However, none of these programs were able to get us out of the Great Depression.

In the election of 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt promised a lot of government action to try to end the Great Depression. The American people wanted a new philosophy, and they elected Franklin D. Roosevelt to the presidency. His New Deal programs to try to end the Great Depression would be the opposite of President Hoover’s laissez-faire approach to try to end the Great Depression.

What are some affective ways to combat poverty? Please explain your answer.

This is a complex problem with many solutions. Many disagree and possible solutions are always controversial. Here are a few areas that get a lot of discussion.

Education:

Many who live in poverty do so because they never received quality training or education. It is often difficult for untrained workers to find lucrative work. Because of this, children of the poor are less likely to get good educational opportunities as  well. This can create a cycle of poverty. If governments or non-government organizations can provide better education in poorer communities, it can help end the cycle of poverty.

Prejudice:

Many people live in poverty in part because the society where they live is in  some way biased against them. For example, in the United States, people of color have historically combated prejudice and discriminatory laws that make it more difficult to escape poor circumstances. Some of these issues continue today. A possible solution is to promote awareness and government policies that help reduce discrimination and institutionalized racism.

Economic Prosperity:

Often poverty is the result of economic downturn. If there are no jobs in the area, many will live in poverty. This problem can be solved by promoting business in the community and encouraging policies that help promote hiring and expansion. By creating jobs, more people will be able to work and more people will be lifted out of poverty. The tactics behind this are complicated. Some think it is best to lower interest rates or taxes. Some think it's better to invest in technological research. The idea is to encourage commerce that will lead to higher employment.

These are only three of many, many proposed solutions to issues of poverty. There are many opinions on the issue. 

Talk about Myrtle's sexuality and explain how it is exposed.

We see Myrtle's sexuality through the eyes of narrator Nick Carraway. He considers her a bit distasteful, noting that her face doesn't have a "facet" or "gleam" of beauty, but he appreciates that she has a "vitality" that makes her smoulder. While he finds her somewhat fat, he says she carries her "surplus flesh" "sensuously."

We learn more about Myrtle when she tells Nick the story of meeting Tom on the train. Myrtle explains that she sized Tom up and decided he was wealthy. When he made a pass at her, brushing against her arm when they were getting off the train, she first threatened to call the police but then quickly decided to get into a taxi with him. She was "so excited" to be with him because she recognized she wouldn't live forever: she continues fearless and forward in her willingness to exchange her robust sexuality for the good things a man like Tom can offer.

How does Odysseus get home in The Odyssey?

After helping the Greeks to win the Trojan war, Odysseus sets out on what will become a ten year long journey to return to his home and kingdom of Ithaca. Although Odysseus experiences many difficult and dangerous adventures along the way, he is also helped by the goddess Athena, who has always favored him among all the other Greek heroes. Partly this is because Odysseus is smart and uses his ingenuity to come up with plans that solve problems, while other men would simply flail about in self-doubt and frustration. It was Odysseus, after all, who devised the idea to build a wooden horse and hide Greek soldiers inside, so that the long fought war with the Trojans would end in a victory for the Greeks. Athena, the goddess of wisdom, admired such qualities in men and, as a result, in several instances she helped Odysseus when he most needed it.

Not all of the gods favored him, however. In fact, when Odysseus and his men fled from the cave of Polyphemus, the Cyclops, after blinding and tricking him, Odysseus was met by the wrath of Poseidon. Upon hearing Odysseus claim to be greater and smarter than the giant, who happened to be the son of Poseidon, the god of the oceans was angered and caused a great storm to befall Odysseus's ship. Poseidon's power over the seas and the creatures that dwelled there was omnipotent and he vowed to keep Odysseus from attaining his goal. Odysseus eventually lost all of his men and almost didn't make it back home to his beloved wife and son. After many arduous adventures and with the help of Athena, Odysseus does finally return home and is able to lay claim to his family and kingdom once again.

How do "Gilgamesh" and Mesopotamian art reflect the same worldview?

There are many ways in which The Epic of Gilgamesh and Mesopotamian art reflect the same worldview. First, there are artistic representations of scenes from the epic itself. Second, many of the gods who play parts in the epic appear in Mesopotamian art, interacting with heroes and rulers as they do in the epic. Third, some of the cultural values that appear in the epic can be found reflected in pieces of Mesopotamian art.

An example of the first kind is this cylinder seal, which depicts Gilgamesh and Enkidu fighting the Bull of Heaven in Tablet VI of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Cylinder seals were small carved cylinders that ancient Mesopotamians rolled over their correspondence and other documents to make a kind of signature. They often were carved with pictures of deities, heroes, and other important images. That this scene was found on a cylinder seal shows that the Epic of Gilgamesh was well-known among the people of ancient Mesopotamia.

Examples of the second type are found in art containing the many gods and goddesses that appear in the epic, such as the two images of Ishtar on this page. Ishtar (called Inana by the Sumerians) proposes marriage to Gilgamesh in Tablet VI of the epic, but he denies her. As a result, she flies into a rage and unleashes the terrifying Bull of Heaven on the city of Uruk. Ishtar a very prominent goddess in Mesopotamia, worshipped by many. She was associated with love and lovemaking, but was also volatile and violent. Thus, her role in the Epic of Gilgamesh matches images of her in contexts that are either erotic or violent.

The third kind is found in many types of art. For example, Gilgamesh's heroism, bravery, and dominance are praised throughout the epic, especially just after the introduction in Tablet I and in the journey to the Cedar Forest in Tablets III-V. It was very common for Mesopotamian kings to praise their own valor and might, and to decorate their palaces with pictures of their conquests. These wall reliefs from the palace of Ashurbanipal show him hunting lions and besieging the ancient Israelite city of Lachish.

While Juliet's Nurse and mother are talking about Paris, they try to convince Juliet to accept his offer of marriage. Lady Capulet says,...

The Nurse in Shakespeare's play is set up as a foil to Juliet. A foil in Shakespearean drama is a character who has an opposite personality and attitude to the main character. While for much of the play the Nurse is Juliet's prime confidante and friend, they part ways because the Nurse fails to understand the true love the girl feels for Romeo. 

Being older and from the lower class the Nurse looks at things in a different way. She is more practical and much less romantic than the young Juliet. She looks at love in a more physical way and less as an ideal. When we first meet the Nurse she goes on about a time when Juliet, then a small child, fell down. The Nurse's late husband commented that when Juliet grew older she would like falling down on her back, a reference to sex. She tells Juliet that Paris will make her "bigger," meaning pregnant. For the Nurse, marriage and love are tied up with the physical aspects of life. After all, she is a simple servant.

The Nurse looks at Paris as simply a good looking man. She could care less about his personality. She comments in Act I, Scene 3:

A man, young lady—lady, such a man
As all the world—why, he’s a man of wax.

And later she refers to him as a "flower." She's only concerned that Paris is handsome and will make a good lover. She does not consider the romantic aspects of love. Romantic qualities, however, are what Juliet yearns for and once she meets Romeo and he tells her he is worshipping her as a religious pilgrim might, she is hooked. 

The Nurse also doesn't have the type of loyalty that Juliet displays. As soon as things go badly with Romeo, the Nurse advises Juliet to forget him and marry Paris. At this point Juliet breaks with the nurse. She says in Act III, Scene 6,

Ancient damnation, O most wicked fiend!
Is it more sin to wish me thus forsworn
Or to dispraise my lord with that same tongue
Which she hath praised him with above compare
So many thousand times? Go, counselor.
Thou and my bosom henceforth shall be twain.

Above all, Juliet is loyal. She is loyal to her parents in the beginning and later to Romeo, so much so that she drinks a sleeping potion and fakes her death to be reunited with him. The Nurse, on the other hand, would quickly give up on the love the two young people share.

Pat Heywood, a Scottish actress, is still the best Nurse. She is perfect in the role in Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 version of the play. In Baz Luhrmann's 1996 version he updates the play to a modern time and makes Juliet's Nurse Latino, played by Miriam Margolyes, who is also excellent and steals every scene she is in.

If I were to cast a new Romeo and Juliet I might pick Katy Sagal as the Nurse. She is most remembered for playing Peggy Bundy in "Married with Children." She can be bawdy and is now old enough to be convincing in the role. Another possibility might be Susan Sarandon, who's also older now and is one of the finest actresses in Hollywood.  

How the invention of refrigerator benefited the people so far?

Refrigerators allow us to store food and other perishable items for longer time duration. This has several implications. Perhaps the most important is that refrigeration cuts down on the occurrence of food born disease because food stays fresh and safe longer and with greater ease.

We no longer have to buy fresh perishable items, such as dairy products (milk, eggs, cheese, ice cream etc.), vegetables, fruits, etc. every day. We can prepare large quantities of food materials and can also procure large amounts of perishable items. This saves money and resources, and also cuts down on the wastage due to spoilt food items. This also helps us plan for future groceries and cooking, in our day to day life. Cold storage of food products also ensures year-round availability of a lot of products. Refrigeration also ensures the long-distance transport of perishable items, making them available to people living far away.

Another advantage of refrigerator is the cold water and ice it provides, especially during the summer months. This provides us relief from heat. 

Hope this helps. 

Which antebellum-era writer and intellectual described the Mexican war as a "dose of arsenic" to the American body politic?

Ralph Waldo Emerson described the Mexican War, and the acquisition of formerly Mexican territory, in this way. Of course, he turned out to be correct--the debate over the expansion of slavery into the territories formerly controlled by Mexico unleashed political forces that ultimately tore the country apart. So this quote is often cited as an example of Emerson's prescience. But interestingly, as historian George Herring has observed, Emerson wasn't really referring to the issue of slavery. Rather, he viewed the Mexican people as unable to function within American (by which he meant white) democratic society. Emerson, like many intellectuals of his time, tended to conflate race and culture, and he believed that the Mexican people, who he identified with Roman Catholicism and despotism (also conflated in the minds of many Americans) would undermine American democracy. This, of course, is astonishingly ironic from a historical perspective, but it was a powerful argument against Manifest Destiny (and one which would later be made against imperialism). When Emerson said "Mexico will poison us," he meant the Mexican people themselves, not the political debate over slavery that actually ensued.

What volume of 0.250 M potassium hydroxide solution is needed to react completely with a solution containing 1.00 g of phosphoric acid?

This is an acid-base neutralization reaction, represented by the following equation:

`3 KOH + H_3PO_4 -gt K_3PO_4 + 3 H_2O`

From the balanced equation, we can see that 3 moles of KOH react for every one mole of phosphoric acid. Here are the steps to solving the problem:

1. Find molar mass of phosphoric acid:

3(1.01) + 30.97 + 4(16.00) = 98.0 grams/mole

2. Find moles of phosphoric acid:

1.00 g H3PO4 x (1 mole/98.0g) =0.0102 moles

3. Find moles of KOH neutralized by 0.0102 moles H3PO4:

(0.0102 moles H3PO4) x (3 moles KOH/1 mole H3PO4) = 0.0306 moles KOH

4. Find volume of 0.250M KOH that contains 0.0306 moles KOH:

(M = molarity = moles of solute /1 liter of solution)

(0.0306 moles) x (1 liter/0.250 moles) = 0.122 liters  = 122 milliliters 

What thematic statement does Yolen explore in The Devil's Arithmetic?

A thematic statement, of course, is one simple sentence about what the author is trying to convey about his or her particular subject.  This statement will often contain some kind of generalization about human nature or life in general. The thematic statement that Yolen explored in The Devil’s Arithmetic is as follows:  memory is both powerful and important.  This thematic statement is especially important in regards to the extermination of the Jews that the Nazis attempted during World War II.  This attempted extermination is appropriately called the Holocaust.  At the beginning of the story, Hannah is annoyed by her relatives’ desire to focus on memory (both in regards to remembering Jewish traditions and remembering the horrors of the Holocaust).  It is only through Hannah’s personal experience with the Holocaust that she learns how important and powerful memory is.  In this regard, The Devil's Arithmetic is truly a coming-of-age story.  In fact, as Hannah makes a decision to sacrifice her own life, she tells Rivka:

Run for your life, Rivka ... for your future.  Run ... and remember.

What is the role of the ear in the sensing of sound?

The ear is the main body part responsible for sensing sound. It is made up of a number of different structures which allow humans and other animals to hear. The structure of the external ear (the part of the ear which one can see), is shaped in a way that it can amplify sound waves that it receives from the environment. 

The actual sensing of sound waves occurs in the middle and inner ear. The middle ear is a small compartment filled with air and small bones to carry sound waves. When a sound wave hits the ear drum, the barrier between the external ear and middle ear, it causes a vibration. This vibration from the sound wave resonates through the malleus which is attached to the ear drum. The wave then travels through the malleus to the attached incus, and finally, to the stapes which is attached to the incus. Interestingly, these three bones are the smallest three in the body. 

The stapes is attached to the inner ear. This attachment is to a small "oval window" that serves as the barrier for the inner ear to the middle ear. Pushing and pulling of the stapes on the window then sends the sound waves through the fluid filled cochlea. Inside the cochlea, a large amount of small hairs cells are present. Once a wave is detected, these hair cells fire much like neurons and send signals to the brain. Based on how many hair cells fire, and where they are located, the brain is able to use this information to determine the frequency, and pitch of the sound. Specifically, signals are sent to the "superior olivary nucleus, the inferior colliculus, the medial geniculate nucleus, and the auditory cortex." It is here that processing occurs. It is also here that sound wave information from both ears meets and is processed. This allows the person or animal hearing to determine the location of the sound. Hope this helps!

`u = 3i + 4j, v = 7i - 2j` Find `u*v`.

You need to evaluate the product of the vectors `u = u_x*i + u_y*j, v = v_x*i + v_y*j` , such that:

`u*v = u_x*v_x + u_y*v_y`

`u*v = (3)*(7) + 4*(-2)`

`u*v = 21 - 8`

`u*v = 13`

Hence, evaluating the product of the vectors `u = u_x*i + u_y*j, v = v_x*i + v_y*j,u = <3,4>, v = <7,-2>` , yields `u*v = 13.`

How does the narrator treat his brother in the short story, "The Scarlet Ibis?"

The narrator's treatment of his brother in the short story, "The Scarlet Ibis" is harsh essentially. He says that his brother Doodle was, “…from the outset, a disappointment." He even says that his brother was crazy in a way, albeit a “nice crazy.” The older brother, at first, does not like having a younger brother who is an invalid. His thought process in this is that he makes plans to kill his brother to rid the family of the burden of caring for him.

He does learn to accept Doodle somewhat, but he and the rest of the family don’t give Doodle the respect he deserves. This is exemplified by the fact that they quit listening to Doodle because he talks incessantly. Again, this highlights the fact that they see the boy as a drain on their respective lives, the older brother more so.

The family doctor has given instructions on how to care for Doodle in his everyday life. However, the brother ignores these instructions whenever he takes Doodle out and is alone with him. The older brother does have some good qualities, he is not evil and incessantly mean to Doodle, but he does admit that he was mean to him sometimes. He does take Doodle to see the beauty of Old Woman Swamp, so he does try to give his younger brother some good experiences.

His harshness towards Doodle is shown when he takes Doodle to see the coffin the family was going to bury Doodle in, in his early days when his parent’s thought he wasn’t going to live. The brother is cruel in showing Doodle this coffin and even makes him touch it. In addition, the brother did not like having a brother who couldn’t walk as Doodle couldn’t walk at age five. He teaches Doodle to walk after much trial and error, but he does this for himself to relieve his embarrassment of being seen in public with a crippled brother. He isn’t really doing this for Doodle’s benefit. This shows the brother’s selfishness and vanity.

The heart-rending ending of this story also highlights the brother’s harsh treatment of Doodle. He runs from Doodle who follows him, as they want to get home ahead of a bad storm. He doesn’t walk slowly to let Doodle catch up to him. Doodle dies because of his physical infirmities – the running to catch up to his brother (and Doodle’s fear) is too much for him and he collapses and dies. The brother resents that Doodle is not like normal healthy young boys. Therefore, he says that, “I ran as fast as I could, leaving him far behind with a wall of rain dividing us.” He abandoned his brother and this harsh treatment had tragic consequences. He was not his brother’s keeper.

We had a youth meeting at our church and received many types of feedback from the attendees. I have been asked to summarize it and give a...

There are two ways you can structure a presentation on the subject of the feedback you received at your youth meeting. One would be in the form of minutes, in which you provide a summary of the comments people gave in chronological order. The other, more effective, strategy would be to group different types of feedback by subject matter. You could also combine these strategies by creating a handout containing the minutes but a slide presentation organized by topic.

The first slide in your presentation should include basic factual information concerning the meeting:

• date


• time (start and end times)


• location


• number of people attending (full attendee list if available)


• chair or convener of the meeting

Next, you should give a brief summary of the purpose of the meeting and why it was called. 

If you are doing a topical presentation, your third slide should be in point format and list the major categories into which the feedback can be divided. For example, you might list such topics as:

• Discussion of services and liturgies


• Sunday school


• Current youth activities


• Desired new youth activities

Next, you should discuss each of the major topics in the order in which you listed them. Your conclusion should be discussion of an action plan concerning how the church intends to move forward in response to the discussion. 

What are the similarities and differences between William Wordsworth's poems "Lines Written in Early Spring" and "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"?

In both "Lines Written in Early Spring" and "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud," the poet uses observations of nature to overcome a sensation of sadness or depression. For instance, in "Cloud," the poet uses first the sight, and then the memory, of beautiful daffodils to overcome a melancholy mood. Likewise, in "Early Spring" Wordsworth's observations of the natural world help alleviate certain melancholy feelings brought on by, as Wordsworth's speaker says, "What man has made of man" (8). 

The main difference between the poems is how they end. For instance, "Cloud" ends on a positive note, with Wordsworth's recollections of the natural world allowing him to overcome further bouts of sadness. In contrast, Wordsworth seems to end "Early Spring" in a dejected mood, as he sees the beauty of nature as a far cry from an apparently corrupted human society (the poem ends with "Have I not reason to lament / What man has made of man?" (23-24)). As such, though the poems are similar, "Cloud" has a much more positive tone, while "Early Spring" seems pessimistic in regards to the future of human society. 

What is the theme of Aunt Granny Lith?

"Aunt Granny Lith" by Chris Offutt is a short story about life in the Appalachian mountains fused with folkloric elements. In an autobiographical article published in Ace Weekly, Offutt states that the name "Lith" is intended as an abbreviation of "Lilith" the name of Adam's first wife in certain mystical traditions. Thus the first theme is that of a powerful, magical presence of a first wife or a first love that haunts subsequent relationships.

Offutt also states that he attempted to incorporate other folkloric traditions into the story, including those of Eastern Europe and the Eleusinian Mysteries. This leads to a theme of the cycle of female life symbolized by the figures of crone, mother, and maiden, with Granny Lith being the crone figure, both threatening and benevolent, Beth the mother, and the couple's daughters representing the maiden or future.

Another theme of the story is about taking promises and karma seriously, with Casey only being freed from as series of misfortunes when he finally pays his debt to Granny Lith. 

Why is Scout extra excited about the idea of Dill coming back?

When Dill runs away from his home in Meridian and shows up unexpectedly in chapter 14, Scout is shocked but excited! Life in the Finch house has been tense recently. The trial of Tom Robinson is about to start, the county is worried about what might happen as a result of it, and even Atticus and Aunt Alexandra are grumbling more with each other due to the stress. What's more, Jem has been acting more mature and grown up with Scout, so she would be more than happy to have Dill around for support. Scout sings all praises about Dill in the following passage:

"Dill was off again. Beautiful things floated around in his dreamy head. He could read two books to my one, but he preferred the magic of his own inventions. He could add and subtract faster than lightning, but he preferred his own twilight world, a world where babies slept, waiting to be gathered like morning lilies" (144).

Scout loves Dill because she looks up to him and doesn't have to mind him.

Dill also represents good times for Scout. Throughout the school year, Scout is surrounded by adults. There isn't a child with whom she can relate more than Dill. Cecil Jacobs lives on their block, but they aren't best friends like she and Dill are. For most of the year, then, she's stuck with just Jem. As Jem gets more mature, he's not as fun as he used to be. As summer nears each year, though, Scout awakes from her monotonous routine of school and daily life because Dill comes back to town. She describes this time as follows:

"Summer was our best season: it was sleeping on the back screened porch in cots, or trying to sleep in the tree-house; summer was everything good to eat; it was a thousand colors in a parched landscape; but most of all, summer was Dill" (34).

For Scout, everything is better with Dill around.

What should be omitted within a book summary?

A summary is a synopsis of a story, book, or novel. A summary is not a complete paraphrasing of a text. Instead, a summary should aim to give the themes and/or main ideas and events of a piece of writing. Information found within the writing that support its themes or main ideas can also be included within a summary.  

A summary omits several elements that are contained within an entire piece of writing. A summary should omit information that is not centric to a main idea or theme within a piece of writing. For example, a summary does not include descriptive detail of the environment, clothing, or characters within the original piece of writing.

Additionally, summaries should stay true to the writing. In other words, a reader’s personal interpretation, ideas, or critics of a writing should not be included in a summary.

How did Hitler become the leader of the Nazis?

Although Adolf Hitler was born in Austria, he served in the German army during World War I. Embittered by the country's loss in the war, he joined the German Workers' Party (DAP in German) in 1919, a party that had an anti-Semitic ideology in a misguided attempt to restore a sense of German nationalism. He became the leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in 1921 and gained a following by criticizing the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, which forced Germany to accept guilt for causing World War I and to pay heavy reparations. Ernst Rohm, head of the  Sturmabteilung (SA), a Nazi organization, became one of his adherents, and in 1923, they mounted the "Beer Hall Putsch," in which they attacked a political meeting being held at a beer hall in Munich. After this incident, in which Hitler announced his plans to start a new government, he was imprisoned for a year. During his time in prison, he dictated his book, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), spelling out his ideas for a future Germany restored to greatness through anti-Semitism and militarism.

In 1932, Hitler came in second while running to be president of Germany, and the President appointed him Chancellor. His popularity was fueled in part by the German peoples' reaction to the suffering caused by the Great Depression. He used a suspicious fire at the Reichstag, or Parliament, to suspend civil rights. Through the Enabling Act, he was also able to gain control over the presidency and make his cabinet the legislative body in Germany. By 1933, the Nazis became the only political party allowed in Germany, and in 1934, during the Night of the Long Knives, the Nazis killed off their political opponents. Hitler became both chancellor and President. He embarked on a program of militarization and expansion that eventually resulted in World War II and the murder of millions of Jews and others deemed inferior by the inhumane Nazi ideology.

Where did Malcolm and Macduff meet in Act 4, Scene 3? I need a specific location.

Macduff has fled Scotland for England to urge Malcolm to gather his army and return home to overthrow Macbeth as soon as possible. He finds Malcolm at the English court, where he is enjoying the protection of England's good king, Edward. The audience learns for certain that they are at the English court when the doctor enters the scene and Malcolm asks him if the King is coming this way, and the doctor reports that he is. King Edward apparently has the ability to heal the sick, a fact that provides evidence of his divine right to be king as well as casts doubt on Macbeth's right to rule. since Macbeth can not only not heal the sick, but he is actually making Scotland's people more and more wretched.  Edward has agreed to furnish Malcolm with a commander, "Old Siward," and "ten thousand warlike men" who are ready to depart for Scotland at his command (4.3.153).

What are some examples of literary devices used in Act 5, scene 6

Possibly the most common literary devices in literature are the different types of figurative language.

Shakespeare loves to employ figurative language in his dramatic dialogue. The play Macbeth contains a few of his most famous lines and passages, (“Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow,” “Something wicked this way comes,” Out damned spot”).

Act V, Scene VI comes near the end of the play, as Macbeth finally has to come face to face with the characters who are set on overthrowing him. Here are the first lines of the scene:

Macbeth: They have tied me to a stake; I cannot fly,

But bear-like I must fight the course.

There are two literary devices in these lines. First, Shakespeare creates a metaphor when Macbeth says he is “tied to a stake.” This is not literally true; if it was he would be tied up like an animal. But, like all metaphors, it is true in the figurative sense. He is trapped by the army outside his castle. Second, within the metaphor he has inserted a simile: “bear-like.” Here Shakespeare compares himself to a trapped animal who has no choice but to fight--escape is impossible.

Shortly after this, Macbeth and Young Siward fight, and Young Siward is slain. Macbeth addresses Young Siward's corpse:

Thou wast born of woman.

But swords I smile at, weapons laugh to scorn,

Brandish'd by man that's of a woman born.

Lines spoken to an inanimate object or something not present on the stage are called an “apostrophe” (not to be confused with the punctuation mark we use to denote contractions and possession). In this case, Macbeth is revealing his thoughts by speaking to a dead body. Although the body cannot hear him, the audience can. It is a way for the dramatist to reveal the character's inner state.

What is an important rule that Ralph creates in Lord of the Flies?

In Chapter 2, Ralph states that the boys must build a rescue fire on the mountain and keep it burning; this is the first rule because no plane or ship will know they are on the island otherwise.

After his original jubilance over being on Coral Island and free to enjoy the pleasures of the island on which the plane has crashed without restrictions of clothing, bathing, parents and rules, Ralph realizes that the island will only be paradise for a while. Therefore, they must plan on being rescued. So, having the conch that Piggy has found, Ralph blows it, beckoning all the boys. After they hold a discussion of what is on the island and what they can do, Ralph says,

Now, we come to the most important thing....We want to be rescued....sooner or later, we shall be rescued....We can help them to find us. If a ship comes near the island, they may not notice us.  So we must make smoke on top of the mountain. We must make a fire.

With this having been said, the boys look for branches to burn and work on the building of a fire.

What are the following reactions? Redox, acid base, or precipitate? A:Cu (s) + 2 NO3− (aq) + 4 H+ (aq) + 4 H2O (l) → [Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq) + 2...

Redox or reduction-oxidation reactions refer to those where there is a transfer of electrons from one substance to the another. The substance losing electrons is being oxidized and the one gaining electrons is being reduced. In an acid base reaction water is one of the end products. A precipitation reaction leads to the formation of a product that is insoluble.

The chemical reactions that have to be classified are:

`Cu(s) + 2(NO_3)^(-) (aq) + 4 H^+(aq) + 4 H_2O`

`-> [Cu(H_2O)_6]^(2+) (aq) + 2 NO_2 `

This is a redox reaction. Copper is being oxidized, the positive ion then binds with 6 molecules of water. NO_3^- is converted to NO_2 gas.

`[Cu(H_2O)_6]^(2+) + 2 OH^(-) (aq) -> Cu(OH)_2 (s) + 6 H_2O (l)`

In this reaction, copper hydroxide is precipitated. This is a precipitation reaction.

`Cu(OH)_2 (s) -> CuO (s) + H_2O (l)`

This is a precipitation reaction.

`CuO (s) + 2 H^+ (aq) + 5 H_2O (l) -> [Cu(H2O)6]^(2+) (aq)`

This is a redox reaction.

`[Cu(H_2O)_6]^(2+) (aq) + Zn (s) -> Cu (s) + Zn^(2+) (aq) + 6 H_2O (l)`

This is also a redox reaction.

Why does Scout quiz Attics about his visit to the Radley house in Chapter 8 of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird? How much does Attics tell her?

In Chapter 8 of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, we learn that autumn has turned into a bitter cold winter, the coldest winter since 1885. At the start of winter, Old Mrs. Radley passes away. At the beginning of Chapter 8, Scout narrates that Atticus paid a visit to the Radley house on the day of Mrs. Radley's death but doesn't state any clear reasons for his visit. Atticus most likely visited the Radleys to pay his respects but possibly also to deal with legal business, just as he did when Mrs. Dubose passes away in a later chapter. Scout is so obsessed with the rumors and myths surrounding Arthur (Boo) Radley that she attempts to quiz her father about his visit upon his return. She quizzes her father because she is trying to assuage her curiosity about what Arthur is like as a person and what he looks like, which are only things she can guess about based on rumors and myths.

Due to rumors that Arthur once stabbed his father with a pair of scissors, both Scout and Jem see their neighbor Arthur, whom they call Boo, as a dangerous and insane person with a criminal mind. Hence, when they learn that Mrs. Radley has passed away, they first draw the conclusion that "Boo had got to her at last," meaning finally killed his mother as well as his father. Therefore, one of the questions the children ask Atticus upon his return is about the nature of Mrs. Radleys' death, and Atticus disappoints them by saying that "she died of natural causes."

Scout, more than Jem, is curious to know what Arthur looks like as she fantasizes about seeing Arthur out on his porch daily and being able to converse with him in a neighborly way. Hence, the next question Scout asks Atticus upon his return is, "Atticus ... did you see Mr. Arthur?" (C. 8). But, Atticus again disappoints Scout by looking at her "sternly" and replying, "I did not."

Beyond having a natural curiosity to know about her mysterious neighbor, Scout mostly quizzes Atticus upon his return because she has a natural desire to know the truth. Scout hears conflicting views about Arthur from her neighborhood. She hears he is a dangerous person from people who influence Jem, like Miss Stephanie Crawford, and she hears he is a good and respectable person from people she trusts, like Miss Maudie. Therefore, Scout is eager to rid herself of these conflicting views and finally learn the truth once and for all. Yet, her father disappoints her in his responses because he respects Arthur's desires to want to remain private.

Why was Matt invited to the Indian feast? Do you think Attean gave him credit for the victory over the bear?

Matt played a key role in killing the bear that was the reason for the feast. As Matt and Attean walked through the wilderness, Matt carried a rabbit he had killed. When the bear charged them, Matt slung the rabbit toward the bear to distract him while Attean killed the bear. For this reason, Attean and Saknis invited Matt to the feast.

At the feast, Matt felt alone at first, but eventually Saknis introduced him to the tribe. They welcomed him. After everyone was seated outside in a circle, Attean told the story of the bear. Attean told the story in detail, explaining how Matt helped save them from the bear when he threw his rabbit at the bear to distract her, moving quickly like an Indian. The story was exciting and, in telling it, Attean made sure the tribe knew that Matt played a large part in the victory over the bear.

Why does Lyddie compare the factory looms and Mr. Marsden to the bear in Lyddie?

The bear Lyddie is referring to is the one she faced down with her family in the beginning of the book. The bear enters Lyddie’s cabin through an improperly latched door, looking for food. The entire family is terrified, but Lyddie shows no fear.

Lyddie glared straight into the bear's eyes, daring him to step forward into the cabin. Then when the ladder was silent and she could hear the slight rustling above her as the family settled themselves on the straw mattresses, she backed up to the ladder and, never taking her eyes off the bear, inched her way up to the loft. (Ch. 1) 

For Lyddie, the bear was a turning point. She acted immediately and was able to get everyone to safety, while her mother did nothing. However, her mother decided that the bear was a sign and left with Lyddie's two younger sisters. Lyddie and Charles were able to maintain the farm until their mother told them they were letting it out to pay the debts.

Lyddie resented losing her farm and her family. She felt horrified at how her mother reacted, especially letting out Lyddie and her brother Charles in addition to the land. Lyddie did not enjoy having to work at the tavern. She considered the entire experience insulting and frustrating. Lyddie was independent and intelligent, and wanted to do things on her own.

This partly explains the animal imagery Lyddie uses when she first enters the factory. Lyddie is overwhelmed by the noise and complicated machinery. She has never worked in a factory before, but she is driven to succeed. Still, the actual first experience in the factory is unnerving.

When the machines speed up, Lyddie reminds herself that she has handled worse. She faced down a bear! She brings back this memory to conjure her strength.

She never wasted energy worrying or complaining. It was almost as if they had exchanged natures, as though she had become the machine, perfectly tuned to the roaring, clattering beasts in her care. Think of them as bears she'd tell herself. Great, clumsy bears. You can face down bears. (Ch. 13)

Mr. Marsden is a horrible man. He is the supervisor, but he uses his position to take advantage of the girls under his watch. He makes a move on Lyddie, and later Brigid. After pushing him off, in her fever Lyddie dreams of the bear, and this time she can’t face him down. She fears that she will not be able to overcome this obstacle. However, Lyddie is strong. Although she is fired for attacking Mr. Marsden, she writes a letter to his wife and leaves it with Brigid, so he can never bother her again.

Where in lines 13-18 is alliteration used to create onomatopoeia? What are the examples of onomatopoeia in lines 1-24?

Alliteration refers exclusively to the repetition of the initial consonant sound of words.  The initial lines of this stanza read, "And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain / Thrilled me [...]" (lines 13-14).  The "s" sound at the beginning of "silken" and "sad" is alliterative and it describes the sound made, perhaps, by a silken curtain rustling in a light wind.  However, "silken sad uncertain rustling" contains four instances of the "s" sound: at the beginnings of "silken" and "sad," then in the middles of "uncertain" (the soft "c") and "rustling."  Because not all of these "s" sounds are at the beginnings of words, we wouldn't refer to the entire phrase as an example of alliteration, but it does seem appropriate to consider all four repetitions of the sound, though, since they are so close to one another and are much more striking than just considering two repetitions.

As for examples of onomatopoeia in the first twenty four lines, "rapping" and "tapping" would both qualify, as would "muttered" and "rustling."  All of these words sound like the sounds they describe. 

What might have happened in Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 if Clarisse didn't die?

Clarisse's sudden death in Part One of Fahrenheit 451 is a pivotal event because of her influence on Montag. If Clarisse had not died then Montag may never have developed the "chills" and "fever" and skipped work that evening. As a result, Captain Beatty would not have visited him and realized that he was beginning to question his status as a fireman and the morality of the fireman system, more generally. Without this visit, Montag may never have shown his hidden collection of books to his wife, Mildred, and expressed his unhappiness to her.

Conversely, had Clarisse survived, her relationship with Montag would certainly continue. His association with her, however, may have alerted the authorities as to his growing sense of rebellion much sooner. With Clarisse acting as his friend and confidante, Montag may never have turned to Faber and may instead have plotted his rebellion with her.

What would happen if an organism was removed from a food chain?

All of the living organisms within an ecosystem comprise a living community. Within the living community are feeding relationships that are known as food chains. However, usually there are several interacting food chains tied together in what is known as a food web.

Consider the following food chain in a field.  Leafy plants (producers) being eaten by--> grasshoppers ( primary consumer/herbivores) --> eaten by frogs (secondary consumer/carnivores) --> consumed by snakes (another carnivore- tertiary consumer)--> consumed by hawks (another carnivore and quartenary consumer).  

If the frogs were to die off in this field perhaps due to a disease or due to pollutants, there will be an increase in the amount of grasshoppers feeding on the producers or green plants.

This can actually cause a major problem if the number of grasshoppers were to increase out of control. They eat plants and the number of plants,which are the basis of the food chain, could severely decrease which would impact all of the levels operating above this trophic level. The producer starts the food chain by capturing solar energy and producing chemical energy stored in the bonds of glucose. 

You would also see an effect on the consumers of the frogs which are the snakes. They would lose an organism that they feed on which can cause their numbers to decrease.

However, since there may be several interacting food chains in the area at the same time, the number of grasshoppers in this question might not increase dramatically if predatory birds in the area were another consumer of grasshoppers. This is why a food web is a more realistic view of how feeding relationships occur in an ecosystem.

On the other hand, if an organism primarily eats one type of organism for food--which is pretty rare in nature, if the organism which is the food source were to die off this could lead to the extinction of the consumer of that organism. An example is  the panda whose food supply consists of 99% bamboo. As bamboo forests are being cut down to use the wood to make furniture and other products, the pandas are losing their main food supply and thus may become extinct someday.

Why were the Anti-Federalists against a strong federal government?

The Anti-Federalists had several reasons for opposing the creation of a strong federal government. The Anti-Federalists believed one of the reasons why we fought the Revolutionary War was to be free from the rule of a strong federal government. They were concerned that a strong federal government would abuse its powers. They believed a strong federal government would also become corrupt and not follow the will of the majority. They also feared that a strong federal government would levy taxes similar to the taxes that we disliked during the days when the British government ruled us.

The Anti-Federalists believed that government power should be in the hands of the state governments. They wanted the state governments to have more power than the federal government. This wasn’t the case with the new plan of government created by the Constitution.

The Anti-Federalists were also concerned that the people’s rights weren't protected by the new plan of government. They believed that without a Bill of Rights, the federal government would abuse the people’s rights. To the Anti-Federalists, this was a very serious threat.

The Anti-Federalists were very concerned about creating a federal government with a great deal of power.

Why has God abandoned us?

I don't believe that God has abandoned us. I believe that humankind has abandoned God. Consider that right from the very beginning God made human beings free moral agents. We are not automatons, pre-programmed, with no say in the thoughts and actions we have and take. We have the freedom to choose right or wrong and reap the consequences of our choices and actions.

Now, I'm assuming that you believe that God has abandoned us because of the horrific events, tragedies, war, and the like that is now consuming the world more than ever. There is no denying this is true. There is no denying that people are hurting and suffering.

Nonetheless, God is letting human beings make the above-mentioned choices and learn from them. Life on earth is, in essence, a classroom, where God is letting us experience life based on how we choose. We then must learn from the effects of our choices. I believe God is working with all human beings to hopefully bring all, ultimately, to a wonderful state - the utopia human beings yearn for.

Consider what the Bible says:

"This day I call the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you that I have set before you life and death, blessings and curses. Now choose life, so that you and your children may live.

(Deuteronomy 30:19 - New International Version (NIV))

Is it God who has abandoned us when we choose to commit adultery? Is it God who abandons us when we engage in road rage and cause an accident?

Is is God who abandons us when immoral governments siphon off international aid into their coffers instead of giving the money and the food and medicine it can buy to their needy citizens? Is it God who abandons us when we steal or rape?

Yes, tragedies do happen and happen even when we make no wrong decisions. That is the chance we take as we live our lives. This is even alluded to in the Bible:

"I have seen something else under the sun: The race is not to the swift or the battle to the strong, nor does food come to the wise or wealth to the brilliant or favor to the learned; but time and chance happen to them all."

(Ecclesiastes 9:11 - NIV)

God is working out a great purpose here below, I believe. And I certainly believe that God makes all things eventually work out for good to those who love Him. Sir Winston Churchill spoke of God working in humankind's lives - that great purpose - he said, "...he must indeed have a blind soul who cannot see that some great purpose and design is being worked out here below" [Sir Winston Churchill to the US Congress, 1941] - in sidebar of third link posted below here.

In conclusion, each of us must consider our choices. If you believe in God and the inspiration of the Bible, then you must weigh your choices against what God says is righteous behavior in His Bible. Then adjust your thoughts and actions as necessary to reap the benefits God promises now and in the future life for right behavior. Then you are not abandoning God -  as He never abandons humankind.

The paper around a snow cone has a slant height of 6 inches and a diameter of 3 inches. About how many square inches of paper are needed to make a...

This question is asking us to calculate the lateral area of a cone. The lateral area of a cone (L) can be found using the following formula:

`L=pi*r*l`  

where r is the radius of the cone and l is the slant height of the cone. We are told to use 3.14 to approximate pi (`pi`).

We are told our cone has a diameter (D) of 3 inches and a slant height of 6 inches. Diameter is defined as twice the radius.

`D=2*r`  

So we can calculate the radius of our cone as follows:

`r=D/2=3/2=1.5`  in

Now that we know the radius is 1.5 inches, we can calculate the lateral area:

`L=pi*r*l=pi*1.5*6=pi*3=3.14*3=9.42` in^2 

The lateral area of the cone is 9.42 square inches. So, in order to make a paper snow cone cup, you will need approximately 9.42 square inches of paper.

How can I research the true identity of Druids by comparing the perspectives of Julius Caesar, Pliny and Claudius?

The Romans were quite chauvinistic, so it's hard to say how accurate any of these Roman accounts of the Druids actually were. But we can at least compare them and note where they are consistent or inconsistent.

I've linked some of the actual texts we have of Julius Caesar and Pliny (in English translation of course), so you can read through them yourself. I wasn't able to find any actual writings by Claudius about the Druids, but I have some historical background for you about how they were persecuted under the reign of Claudius and other emperors of that period.

Some of the details Caesar gives us are quite likely to be accurate: There's no reason for him to lie about them having a particular focus on astronomy and a single arch-druid of supreme power. (He could still be mistaken, but he's probably not lying.) Likewise, his distaste with their egalitarian attitudes toward women probably reflects that the Druids were at least less misogynistic than the Romans (though this is not saying much, seeing as wealthy Romans literally named their daughters things like Cornelia I, Cornelia II, Cornelia III), and could in fact have had progressive gender roles as we might think of them today.

It's when he gets to these parts about savage human sacrifices that he is probably being dishonest; we have no evidence the Druids actually engaged in human sacrifice, and it's more likely a libel Caesar used to drum up hatred against them.

Pliny actually had no direct experiences with Druids so far as we know, so he was really just pulling from earlier sources---including, very likely, Caesar himself. He spends a lot of time fretting about the human sacrifice, but like I said there's actually no evidence that this ever really happened.

Finally, Claudius was one of the emperors who focused most heavily on suppressing the Druidic religion. We have no evidence of him actually ordering mass executions or anything like that, but he did make their religion illegal and order the destruction of a number of Druidic temples and holy sites. Had this not happened and these sites were preserved until today, we'd probably know a lot more about what the Druids really were like.

In at least 150 words, identify a theme in “Through the Tunnel” and explain how the setting of the story contributes to that theme.

In "Through the Tunnel," the negative connotations and dangerous imagery associated with the "wild bay" help to convey the theme that growing up can be a painful and scary process.  Jerry longs to grow up and to fit in with the "older boys -- men to Jerry" who swim and dive at the wild bay rather than remain on the "safe beach" with his mother, a beach later described as "a place for children."  The way to the wild bay is marked with "rough, sharp rock" and the water shows "stains of purple and darker blue."  The rocks sound as if they could do a great deal of damage to the body, and the stains are described like a bruise.  It sounds painful.  Then, "rocks lay like discoloured monsters under the surface" of the water and "irregular cold currents from the deep shocked [Jerry's] limbs."  This place sounds frightening and alarming and unpredictable.  Given that this is the location associated with maturity, with the time after childhood, we can understand that the process of growing up and becoming a man is a time that is fraught with dangers and fear, because Jerry endures both in the "wild bay."

What does Suyuan give Jing-mei in "Two Kinds" by Amy Tan?

In the story "Two Kinds," Jing-mei and her mother have a conflicted relationship because Jing-mei's mother tries to turn her into a prodigy. Although Jing-mei initially complies with her mother's efforts, she soon discovers she cannot live up to her mother's demands. The sticking point becomes piano playing. Jing-mei's mother is sure her daughter has enough natural talent to be a prodigy — if she only wanted to be one and if she would try. Jing-mei thinks her mother doesn't like her the way she is and that her mother wants to change her into something she's not. Jing-mei only half-heartedly learns to play the piano, and when she embarrasses herself at a recital, she refuses to keep practicing. This leads to a heated confrontation, after which Jing-mei's mother never asks her daughter to play piano again. It's poignant, then, that on Jing-mei's thirtieth birthday, her mother offers to give her the piano as a birthday present. Jing-mei doesn't take the piano at first, but she is moved that her mother would offer it to her. After her mother's death, Jing-mei has the piano tuned and tries playing the piece that she tripped up on at the recital, and finds she is able to play fairly easily, suggesting Jing-mei actually did have talent when she was younger, but chose not to use it as a way of asserting her will over her mother's. 

What are examples of pathos in the story "The Last Leaf"?

Pathos is used when someone appeals to the audience's emotions to make an argument or otherwise persuade the audience. Drawing on people's emotions is a very effective way to make them care about something or someone, and O. Henry does this very well in "The Last Leaf." Because much of this story is about the young artist Johnsy and her very serious case of pneumonia, O. Henry needed to make people care about Johnsy and hope she can recover from her illness. One way O. Henry does this is through Sue, Johnsy's roommate and fellow young artist. When Johnsy says she is going to die when the last leaf on the ivy outside falls, Sue becomes very upset that her good friend has given up and does not even want to try to survive. Pathos is present here because seeing how much Johnsy's behavior and illness are hurting Sue make readers sad and nervous for Sue, too.

What are some examples in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird that show Calpurnia either initiating, supporting, or subverting prejudice?

There are several examples of Calpurnia subverting prejudice throughout the novel. In Chapter 3, Scout chastises Walter Cunningham Jr. for pouring syrup all over his dinner. Calpurnia takes Scout into the kitchen and disciplines her for the way she was judging Walter Cunningham Jr. When Scout says, "He ain't company, Cal, he's just a Cunningham---" (Lee 33). Calpurnia explains to Scout that anybody who enters their home is considered company, regardless if they come from a poor family or not. She tells Scout not to act "so high and mighty!" and to show respect to Walter (Lee 33). Calpurnia defends Walter Cunningham Jr., who comes from a lower social class, and teaches Scout a lesson in respecting all people, no matter what social class they come from or how different they may be.

In Chapter 12, Calpurnia takes the children to First Purchase African M.E. Church. One of the first people they run into is an ornery woman named Lula. Lula asks Calpurnia, "I wants to know why you bringin' white chillun to nigger church" (Lee 158). Calpurnia calmly replies to Lula's prejudiced comment by telling her that the children are simply her company. Lula continues to chastise Cal and says that she has no business bringing white children to a black church. Again, Calpurnia diffuses the situation by saying, "It's the same God, ain't it?" (Lee 158). Calpurnia subverts Lula's prejudiced beliefs by refusing to leave the church and defending the children's right to join the congregation.