What is an example of a pun in Romeo and Juliet?

A pun, which is also called a paronomasia, is a word play that exploits the multiple meanings of words. There are a few characters in Romeo and Juliet that use many puns (possibly unintentionally), most notably the Nurse. Lesser known characters also use puns, however, and a great example is the serving men. The serving men are fairly unknown characters in Romeo and Juliet, but they have a brief scene that is one of the humorous exchanges in the play. The scene starts off with:

SERVING MAN 1: Where's Potpan, that he helps not to take away? He shift a trencher! He scape a trencher!

SERVING MAN 2: When good manners shall lie all in one or two men's hands, and they unwashed too, 'tis a foul thing. (I.v.1-4)

In this instance, Potpan's name becomes a pun. Potpan is the name of a missing serving man, but it is also an object that has not been taken away. This pun is a fairly silly joke (like most puns) that is often quickly glided over (or outright removed for the sake of shortening the play) in productions of Romeo and Juliet. 

Who was the President of the United States when the nation fell into the Great Depression?

Herbert Hoover was the President of the United States when the Stock Market crashed, beginning on October 24 1929, and signalling the start of the Great Depression. (Hoover had only been in office since the March of that fateful year).

President Hoover did not anticipate a complete depression, however, and expected that the economy would recover quickly, as he commented when unemployment began to rise:

"All the evidences indicate that the worst effects of the crash upon unemployment will have passed during the next 60 days." 

(See the first reference link provided).

In fact, Hoover's optimism was not well-founded: within a few years, unemployment had risen from 3.2 percent to 25 percent and the country's gross domestic product (GDP) was in serious decline. (See the second reference link). Hoover's ineffective action led to his defeat in the next presidential election in 1933 when Franklin D. Roosevelt took office. 

Give a brief character sketch of the Canterville ghost.

Sir Simon, also known as the Canterville Ghost, has a number of key character attributes. Here are a few examples:

• He is impatient with people. The ghost killed his own wife because she was not a good housekeeper, for instance, and is vexed by the "gross materialism" of Mrs Otis.


• The ghost is nostalgic and loves to think about his previous successful hauntings. When he fails to frighten Mr Otis in Chapter Two, for instance, the ghost's mind immediately turns to his past victims, like the Madame de Tremouillac who had an attack of "brain fever" after waking up to find the ghost reading her diary.


• He is deeply affected by his failure to frighten the Otis family. He becomes depressed, for example, and confines himself to his room. By Chapter Five, he is so forlorn that he seeks eternal rest in the Garden of Death. 

Hot sand heats the air. How does this cause a convection current to form?

A cycle in which a substance rises as it is heated and sinks as it cools is called a “convection current”.

Compared to many other objects, sand has a relatively low specific heat. Specific heat is defined as the amount of heat required to increase 1.0 grams of a substance 1.0 degrees Celsius. Having a low specific heat implied that the substance heats up quickly.

Heat is a form of energy. Some of the heat from the sand will be lost to the air around it. Thus, the sand will heat the air above it.

As the air is heated, it particles gain kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. Thus, as the air is heated, its particles begin to move faster. As the particles move faster, they move apart. This causes the volume of the air’s particles to increase and the air’s density to decrease. As the air’s density decreases, the air moves upward in the troposphere.

However, the temperature decreases as one moves up the troposphere. Temperature is a measurement of the amount of kinetic energy in a substance. Thus, the as the temperature of the air decreases, so does the kinetic energy within its particles. Thus, within cold upper troposphere, the air particles begin to slow down. As the particles slow down, they contract closer to one another. Thus, the air’s density increases and it begins to sink.

This cycle continues as the cold air once again approaches the hot sand, becomes warm, rises into the troposphere, becomes cool, and sinks. A cycle in which a substance rises as it is heated and sinks as it cools is called a “convection current”.

What is the functional difference between fetal hemoglobin and adult hemoglobin?

In order to understand the functional difference between fetal hemoglobin, and adult hemoglobin, one must first look at the structural differences between the two. 

Structurally, both adult and fetal hemoglobin are tetramers containing four protein subunits. Both types of hemoglobin contain two (out of the possible four) of the same subunits, called the alpha-chains. They differ, however, in the make up of their other two protein subunit structures. In adult hemoglobin, the two other protein subunits of the tetramer are identical beta-chain subunits, while in fetal hemoglobin, the two other subunits are identical gamma subunits. These beta and gamma subunits are very similar, however, differences in the overall subunit conformation leads to an overall different protein structure of fetal hemoglobin when compared to adult hemoglobin.

This change in structure of fetal hemoglobin also leads to a change in function when compared to adult hemoglobin. Experimentally, it has been shown that the structural changes in fetal hemoglobin, caused by the substitution of gamma subunits for beta-chains, allows fetal hemoglobin to have a higher "average affinity" for oxygen. This means that, on average, fetal hemoglobin can bind oxygen more readily than adult hemoglobin. This is important because it ensures a fetus, developing inside the mother and relying on her blood for oxygen, will be able to bind oxygen from her blood stream. This ensures appropriate oxygen levels are present in the fetus through out development. 

Hope this helps!

What do the terms porosity, permeability, and texture mean?

Texture, porosity, and permeability are physical properties of soil.

Texture:

Soil is a mixture of three separates. A separate is a category of soil based on grain size. The three separates in soil are: sands, silts, and clays. Sands have the coarsest grains and clays have the finest grains. The texture of soil is determined by the relative amount (percent) of each separate present in the soil.

Porosity is the amount of space between soil particles. The spaces between the particles are called void spaces. The amount of space between soil particles is determined by the shape and arrangement of the soil particles themselves. The porosity of a soil can be quantified by dividing the volume of the pore space (void space) by the volume of the total soil sample.

Permeability is an indication of how well soil can transmit a fluid such as water. Permeability is influenced by the size and arrangement of the spaces between the soil particles.

What happened at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse?

The Battle of Guilford Courthouse was a clash between Continental Army and militia under the command of General Nathaniel Greene and the main body of the British Southern Army under General Cornwallis. The battle marked the end point of Cornwallis's extended campaign in the Carolinas that began with the capture of Charleston in 1780. Cornwallis had hoped to secure the Carolinas, which the British knew contained a significant population of Loyalists. At the battle, militia and Continental regulars held their own against a smaller British force before eventually leaving the battlefield to the British. The battle was thus technically a British victory. But Cornwallis's losses were so significant (he lost over 500 men) that he abandoned the campaign in the Carolina backcountry, marching instead into Virginia. The decision would prove to be a fateful one--it was in Virginia that Cornwallis's army was trapped at Yorktown, effectively ending the war. So the battle marked a significant turning point in the war.

How is characterization used to convey the theme of friendship in Of Mice and Men?

The characters of Lennie and George display a close, symbiotic relationship as they travel together and protect each other, though in reality it is George who is protecting Lennie from his own uncontrollable behavior. George plans to earn enough money for his own place, and Lennie is going along, not so much as to be a help as to keep him out of trouble, something that George had promised Lennie’s Aunt Clara. George’s contempt for Lennie is clear, though he tries to temper it with kindness, but this usually ends in George berating Lennie for something he has done.

The lack of friendship for Crooks, the African-American stable buck, is due entirely to his race, more than his age and handicap. When Lennie tries to make friends, Crooks tries to hold him off, but Lennie is persistent. This does not end well, as Crooks retreats into himself when Curley’s wife shows her prejudice openly. Crooks knows he cannot have friends. As a youth, he had played with the white neighbor children, something he did not realize was different until he was an adult.

Friendship is portrayed in Of Mice and Men, not as a relationship of equals for companionship, but a situation of one person fulfilling a duty. Though the characters are mostly male, there is little camaraderie among the workers. It is mostly of being in the same place doing a job together. Only Lennie views anyone as his friend.

What are the three main types of landforms?

There are three main types of landforms throughout the earth:  plains, mountains, and plateaus.  They differ in their physical appearance, elevation above sea level, and location on their respective continent.

Plains are flat land areas without significant topographical rises in elevation.  They may be located near coastlines or within continental interiors.  The Great Plains area in the interior United States is a great example.

Mountains are raised land forms, the result of convergent crustal activity resulting in protrusions that may reach thousands of feet into the atmosphere.  Mountains may exist as a singular mountain, or the result of chain activity.  The Adirondack mountains in the eastern United States are a good example.

Lastly, plateaus are raised landforms that are flat on the top.  It is as if someone cut off the top peak of a mountain, leaving a flat top to the raised elevation.  The Colorado Plateau in the western United States is a superb example, with the Grand Canyon right in the middle of it.

In My Side of the Mountain, who was the only person who believed Sam could live alone?

I believe that the answer you are looking for is Miss Turner.  In My Side of the Mountain, she is the only person at the beginning of the story who really takes Sam seriously.

When Sam runs away from home, he hitches a ride with a truck driver up into the Catskill Mountains.  When the truck driver drops Sam off, Sam tells him that he is going to live in the woods.  The truck driver tells him that he will be back in the afternoon in case Sam needs a ride back to the city.  That shows he does not believe Sam will be able to live on his own.  Next, we hear that Sam’s father had laughed at him when he said he was going to go live on the Gridley farm.  He thought Sam would be like he had been as a youth when he “ran away” and was back home in bed before anyone knew he had left.  Later, when Sam gets his fish cooked at the home of “Bill something,” Bill tells him that the door will be unlocked for him if he needs to come back that night.  Again, this shows that Bill does not really think Sam will make it out in the woods.

But then Sam goes to the library in Delhi.  Miss Turner is the librarian there.  When Sam tells her what he is planning to do, she does not laugh at him or say anything to make it seem as if she does not take him seriously.  That is why Sam says, on p. 22, “Miss Turner was the only person that believed me.”  Therefore, Miss Turner is the best answer to this question.

How does Macbeth respond to the fact that the murders of Banquo and his son are only partially successful?

Macbeth expresses how he fears Banquo because he is a noble man who is willing to take risks. Macbeth remembers that the three witches prophesied that Banquo's son would become king and his descendants would inherit the title for generations. Therefore, Macbeth orders assassins to kill Banquo and his son, Fleance, in hopes of thwarting destiny. However, in Act 3, Scene 4, Macbeth receives news that Banquo was murdered, but his son escaped. Macbeth is initially pleased that Banquo is dead but becomes afraid again after hearing that Fleance is alive. Macbeth says that he went from being "Whole as the marble, founded as the rock" to being "...cabined, cribbed, confined, bound in to saucy doubts and fears" (Shakespeare 3.4.23-26). Macbeth is no longer confident because his plan did not work to perfection. He knows that eventually Fleance will return to become king and compares him to a young snake. Although Fleance is not dangerous at the moment, in time he will be as dangerous as a poisonous viper. 

Why do we credit Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson with the beginning of our two party system?

Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson are credited with beginning our two-party political system because they were the leaders of these parties that had different views on issues. Despite President Washington’s warning in his farewell address to the nation about avoiding political parties, the country was moving in this direction because the needs of the North and the South and of the people were different. As a result, they had differing opinions on various policies.

Alexander Hamilton led the Hamiltonians, which also was called the Federalist Party. This party had the support of business people in the Northeast. They believed in a loose view of the Constitution, having a strong federal government, establishing a national bank, and being friendly with Great Britain. John Adams was also closely tied to this party.

Thomas Jefferson led the Jeffersonians, which also was called the Democratic-Republican Party. This party had support in the South. They believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, having a weaker national government that would be small in size, wanted low taxes, and opposed the national bank. They wanted to be friendly with France. James Madison was also closely tied to this party.

Because of these different viewpoints, and because these men were leaders of the people supporting these viewpoints, they are credited with starting our two-party political system.

Populists believed that most U.S economic problems would be solved by establishing what?

Populists believed the economic policies of the United States were hurting their supporters, mainly the farmers. They believed that the policies of a monometallic money supply, a money supply based on only gold, would adversely affect the farmers. This monometallic policy helped to control the money supply that led to lower prices, including lower prices for crops. The Populists wanted several things to be done. The main thing was to have a bimetallic money supply. The Populists believed if we had a money supply based on gold and silver, this would increase the money supply and raise the price farmers received for their crops. It also would make it easier for farmers to pay their debts. Therefore, they supported policies that would base our money supply on two metals, gold and silver.

Populists also believed that banks and the railroad companies treated them unfairly. They believed that banks charged farmers higher interest rates than they charged other groups. They also believed that the railroad companies treated them unfairly because they gave rebates to some customers but not to the farmers. The Populists believed a change in a few of our economic policies and practices, especially those related to the money supply, would help to solve their problems.

In "Charles," what/how can readers infer about how Laurie’s mom felt about Laurie growing up?

Laurie’s mom is sad and a little overwhelmed that her oldest son is growing up.

The first thing that Laurie’s mom notices is that Laurie has renounced his little boy clothes and started wearing more grown-up attire.  Her son wants to be more grown-up and independent now that he has started kindergarten.

I watched him go off the first morning with the older girl next door, seeing clearly that an era of my life was ended, my sweet-voiced nursery-school tot replaced by a longtrousered, swaggering character who forgot to stop at the corner and wave good-bye to me.

Laurie’s mom has her hands full.  In addition to her boisterous son, she also has a baby to take care of.  It is difficult for her to stay on top of both children.  When the baby needs attention, she often focuses on him at the expense of Laurie.  This causes Laurie to act out in a desire to get any kind of attention.

He came home the same way, the front door slamming open, his cap on the floor, and the voice suddenly become raucous shouting, “Isn’t anybody here?”

Laurie’s desire to make waves leads him to act up at home and at school.  He also invents an imaginary classmate he calls Charles, whose exploits he can describe without getting in trouble.  When Laurie tells his parents about “Charles,” they are interested but only absently.  They are more interested in their everyday lives and have no idea that Charles is their son.

His kindergarten teacher tells her that the adjustment was tough, but Laurie is getting better. By the time Laurie’s mom realizes that her son is the Charles he has been describing, Laurie is finally straightening out.  The teacher tells her that there is no Charles, and this is how she finds out that Laurie invented him.  

Where is Ms. Stephanie Crawford's house in To Kill a Mockingbird?

While Harper Lee (the author) gives specific locations for many of the houses on Jem and Scout's street in Chapter 1 of To Kill a Mockingbird, we do not get a direct location for Ms. Crawford's house.  We know that she lives on their street, and that the neighborhood where Jem and Scout are allowed to play is bound by Mrs. Dubose's house two doors north and the Radleys' house two doors to the south.  We know that Rachel Haverford lives next door to Jem and Scout and Ms. Maudie lives across the street.  As Ms. Crawford, the town gossip, claims that Boo Radley has stared at her from inside his home, we assume that Ms. Crawford must live either next to, or across the street from, the Radley place.  

How is the setting of the book Catching Fire important to the story?

Two settings stand out as particularly important to the story of Catching Fire. One is District 12, Katniss's home, where she has returned in a mixture of triumph and guilt after winning the previous year's Hunger Games. Katniss's participation in the games has changed her irrevocably and District 12 just doesn't seem like the same place. For one, she is no longer living in her family's tiny shack, but a mansion built for the Victors. While it certainly looks nicer and feels more comfortable, Katniss is isolated from everyone else in the District, both physically (her only neighbors are the other Victors, Haymitch and Peeta) and through the circumstances of their lives. When she goes to The Hob, where she used to bring her hunting catches in to trade, she notes that now she enters with coins, and tries to spend them at as many different stalls as possible, to spread the money around to her impoverished fellow citizens.

The atmosphere in District 12 has changed as well. There is a new Head Peacekeeper whose violence includes a severe, potentially deadly beating inflicted on Gale. It's clear that this crackdown is the result of Katniss defying the Capitol by using poison berries to threaten them at the end of the last Hunger Games, which only adds to her guilt. President Snow's visit to her house seals the feeling in her mind that her former home is now dangerous and that it is all a result of her actions.

The second important setting of the novel is the arena for the 75th Hunger Games - the giant, ticking clock. This arena is symbolic of how Katniss has felt since her name was called for her very first Hunger Games: that she will never be totally safe again, that every second is bringing her closer to her inevitable death at the hands of the Capitol. The fact that the arena is a clock with a new horror every hour shows that Katniss is not alone. All the former Victors have a target on their back, with the arena ticking away the hours, minutes, and seconds left before they are destroyed. Additionally, the mathematical precision and logic to the way the arena works suggests a cruelly systematic way of destroying the Victors. It shows that the Capitol is strategic in everything it does, including this new attempt to wipe out the potentially rebellious Victors. It takes the brutality of the Capitol to a new, creepier level.

Why did relations between the United States and the Soviet Union deteriorate after World War II?

After World War II, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union began to deteriorate. There are reasons for this. Before the war ended, the United States had some agreements with the Soviet Union. One agreement was regarding the new Polish government after World War II ended. There was supposed to be free elections in Poland, and the new government was supposed to include members from the pre-war Polish government in it. When the new government was formed, it appeared free elections didn’t occur, and most members in the government were from the government established by the Soviet Union during World War II.

In Europe, as a result of the agreement known as the Declaration of a Liberated Europe, there were supposed to be elections to allow people to choose their own government after World War II. Yet the King of Romania indicated he was pressured to have a communist government after the war ended. This added to the growing distrust between the United States and the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union wanted to spread communism. We were opposed to the spread of communism. With our policy of containment, we tried to keep Communism from spreading. We worked to prevent the spread of communism in Europe and in Asia. We helped Greece and Turkey fight the spread of communism, and we helped to keep South Korea free from communism. This brought us into conflict with the Soviet Union.

There are reasons why the United States and the Soviet Union had a deteriorating relationship after World War II ended.

`f(theta) = sec^2(theta/2), [0, pi/2]` Find the average value of the function on the given interval.

Given `f(theta)=sec^2(theta/2), [0,pi/2]`

Average Value Formula`=1/(b-a)int_a^bf(x)dx`

`f_(ave)=1/(pi/2-0)int_0^(pi/2)sec^2(theta/2)(d theta)`

Integrate using the u-substitution method.

Let `u=theta/2`

`(du)/(d theta)=1/2`

`d theta=2du`

`f_(ave)=1/(pi/2)int_0^(pi/2)sec^2(u)(d theta)`

`=2/piint_0^(pi/2)sec^2(u)(2du)`

`=(2/pi)*2int_0^(pi/2)sec^2(u)du`

`=4/pi[tan(u)]_0^(pi/2)`

`=4/pi[tan((pi/2)/2)-tan(0/2)]`

`=4/pi[tan(pi/4)-tan(0)]`

`=4/pi[1-0]`

`=4/pi=1.273`

The average value is `4/pi`  or 1.273.

What events set the stage for World War II to begin in Europe?

There were several events that led to the outbreak of World War II. One event was the Versailles Treaty, which was very harsh on Germany. Germany had to pay the Allies $33 billion in reparations. They also had to accept the responsibility for World War I. Germany resented these harsh actions, and when Germany struggled economically in the 1920s, Adolf Hitler vowed to get revenge.

Other events that led to the start of World War II were the aggressive actions of Germany, Japan, and Italy coupled with the lack of an Allied response to these actions. Germany began to build up its military, which was done in violation of the Versailles Treaty. In 1936, Germany moved its military into the Rhineland, which also violated the Versailles Treaty. Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and invaded China in 1937. Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935. Germany annexed Austria in 1938. The Allies had little to no response to all of these actions, mainly because the Allies were also dealing with effects of the Great Depression and weren’t prepared to go to war so soon after World War I ended. When Germany wanted to annex the Sudetenland in northwest Czechoslovakia, the leaders of Britain and France agreed to give Germany this land in return for a promise to take no more land, with an agreement known as the Munich Pact.

World War II became much more of a reality in the late 1930s. Germany broke the Munich Pact in 1939 when Germany took the rest of Czechoslovakia. The leaders of Great Britain and France responded by saying any more aggressive actions would lead to war. Germany signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union in August 1939. This agreement would prevent a two-front war for Germany. In September, Germany invaded Poland leading to the start of World War II.

There were many factors that contributed to the outbreak of World War II.

The phenomenon of gaining electrons by an atom is called what?

The phenomenon of gaining electrons by an atom is called Reduction. A complementary process, of losing electrons, is called oxidation. Generally, these two processes take place together, that is, an atom loses electron and another atom gains this electron. The atom that loses electron is said to have been oxidized, while the atom that gains the electron is said to be reduced. For example, in the reaction between a metal and a non-metal, such as sodium and chlorine:

`Na + Cl -> Na^+ + Cl^(-) -> NaCl`

The metal donates an electron and gets oxidized, forming sodium cation. The chlorine atom gains the electron that has been donated by sodium atom and gets reduced (and form chloride anion). There are several other such examples of oxidation-reduction reactions from our daily life.

Hope this life.

How do I explain the story without giving too much away? What do I avoid? I am new at writing book reviews on Goodreads.

The advantage of Goodreads is that how you review is largely up to you. Goodreads will only delete a review in very specific circumstances. According to their review guidelines they will only delete reviews that are off-topic, personally attack the author or other reviewers, are plagiarized or are trying to sell products. If you aren’t doing that your review should be acceptable.

Goodreads is about helping people choose to read or not to read certain books. Reviews should give enough information about the book and your feelings about it to help someone who is not familiar with the book decide if they want to read it or not. If you are concerned about spoilers, there is a box you can check at the bottom of your review before you publish it that says “hide entire review because of spoilers.” When you publish your review with that box checked there will be a note at the top of your review that says it contains spoilers. That way people can choose whether or not to read it.

Reviews on Goodreads generally consist of two parts. First, they contain a synopsis of the book. Think about what might be written on the back of a book or on a book jacket. It should explain enough about the book to help people decide if they’d be interested in it without giving the whole story away. Often that means telling the story up to the climax or high point and then stopping so no one knows how it ends. If there are key details that make the story special or unique (the name of the killer, a twist no one saw coming, etc.) they should be left out. But setting, basic character info, what kind of story it is (comedy, drama, mystery) and a quick statement of plot are helpful.

The second thing to include is an honest review of the book. Explain what you liked and didn’t like about it. Goodreads values honesty in their reviews; that is the point of the site. Knowing the plot of a book does not always help us know if we will like it. Reading what others thought of it and why gives us more information. So give honest feedback on how you felt about it and why you felt that way. Did you like the story? The writing? Did it meet your expectations? Did you think it was well-researched? Was there content you did not appreciate? Would you recommend it or not? These are the kinds of questions to consider when you write your review.

What are some character traits of Demetrius in A Midsummer Night's Dream?

Demetrius shows insensitivity to other people's needs, doggedness in pursuing his desires, and a tendency to flip-flop in love.

As the play opens, Demetrius has prevailed upon Hermia's father to force Hermia to marry him. He loves her, or so he says, but seems insensitive to her love for Lysander. If he really loved her, one might think, he would let her go, but he seems more focused on his own desires than hers. Demetrius is also insensitive to Helena, who follows him to the forest out of love. He tells her to get lost and hopes wild beasts will devour her.

Demetrius is determined and dogged in his pursuit of Hermia as long as she is the chief object of his desire. Not only does he try to force her to marry him, he pursues her and Lysander into the woods. He doesn't give up easily.

Demetrius had been in love with Helena, but changed his mind. He may love intensely, but that love might not last. As critics like Rene Girard contend, the love potions only reveal tendencies in characters that were already there. It's not terribly surprising given his past that Demetrius flip-flops from one woman to the other.

How can sport support nation-building in a country?

A major part of building a nation is creating a sense of nationalism.  People in a country have to feel that they are all part of the same nation and that they are proud to be part of that nation.  Sport is one way to help make people feel this way.

The most likely way to use sport to build a nation is to promote the national team in some sport that is popular throughout the country.  In most countries of the world, football (soccer) is a very popular sport.  If the country has a national team that competes against other countries, the government can encourage people to follow that team.  This will be particularly effective if the team is competitive.  The people of the country can feel proud that they are associated with a team that is going out and winning (or going out and competing gallantly against overwhelming odds).

This can, at times, even be possible if the sport is not already popular among all groups in a country.  A prime example of this is Nelson Mandela’s handling of the 1995 Rugby World Cup.  The apartheid regime in South Africa had only recently fallen and the country was somewhat fragile.  Rugby was the sport of the white people and had a limited following among other races.  However, Mandela (then the president) embraced the national team as it played in the World Cup at home.  This helped to bring white and non-white South Africans together.  It did not solve all of the country’s problems or make it completely unified, but it helped.

For better or for worse, people get very excited about sport.  They identify strongly with teams that they like.  They feel kinship of a sort with those who like the same team.  This is why sport can be used to help build a nation.  If the people of a country share a passion for a given sport or a given team, that shared passion can give them something in common that makes them feel that they are part of the same nation.

In what manner does his aunt attempt to hurt Nicholas in Saki's "The Lumber Room"?

The retributive aunt of Nicholas attempts to disappoint and hurt him with a punishment of deprivation.

Because he has tricked his aunt into denying something that is true--there is really a frog in his "wholesome bread-and-milk"--Nicholas is deprived of what his aunt considers a privilege: a trip to Jagborough sands. Furthermore, after Nicholas predicts that his boy and girl cousin will not enjoy themselves because the boy's boots are too tight and the girl has scraped her knee, he is also forbidden to enter the gooseberry garden because he is under "disgrace."

However, the clever Nicholas is far too creative and intelligent for his aunt. As the aunt busies herself, Nicholas enters the forbidden lumber room, to which he has found the key. There he delights in the unique entertainment of his own imagination as he explores the artistic items hidden from others. Furthermore, since he has held no real interest in going into the gooseberry garden, Nicholas feels no deprivation in being forbidden to enter it; he merely pretends to try to enter it in order to keep his aunt occupied with guarding the garden while he amuses himself.

Finally, after his cousins return, they are disgruntled about their trip, especially since "the tightness of Bobby's boots has had a disastrous effect on his temper" and the two cousins have been prevented from running on the beach because it was hidden by the high tide. The aunt, too, has spent a miserable thirty-five minutes trapped in a rain tank in the gooseberry garden because of Nicholas's refusal to enter it and disobey his aunt's orders as he pretends she is the Evil One, and not his aunt. Thus, the aunt's attempts to deprive the imaginative and clever Nicholas of an enjoyable day have succeeded only in defeating everyone else but him.

The Voyager probe was launched by NASA in 1977 on a "grand tour" of the solar system. The Voyager flew by Jupiter in 1979, Saturn in 1981, Uranus...

The answer is choice (d): the acceleration of the Voyager probe is 0 m/s^2.

According to the information given in this problem, there was no external force acting on the Voyager probe throughout the "tour." The engines were turned off, so there was no force provided by the engines, the outer space can be considered a vacuum, so there is no frictional force or resistance from the environment, and for the most part of the "tour," the Voyager probe was not close enough to a planet to experience a gravitational pull in one specific direction, so the average gravitational force on the probe was zero throughout the "tour."

The second Newton's Law states that in order for an object to experience acceleration, there has to be an external force acting on it:

`mveca = vecF`

Since the external force on the Voyager probe was zero (according to this problem), its acceleration, on average, was also zero.

Why does the search for Montag end in Part Three?

In Part Three of Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the protagonist, Montag, finds himself on the run after it is discovered that he possesses books. To compound matters further, Montag resists his arrest, killing his boss and destroying a Mechanical Hound in the process. Montag runs to Faber's house first, asking him to leave town and seeking advice on his next step. Faber shows him the television and relays the information that a new hunt for Montag is on, assisted by a Mechanical Hound imported from another district. After a brief exchange, Faber advises Montag to head for the river and the railroad tracks, where hobo camps are said to exist. 

Montag leaves Faber's house and makes a run for the river. The new Mechanical Hound begins the hunt for Montag. Montag finally makes it to the river: 

He was three hundred yards downstream when the Hound reached the river. Overhead the great racketing fans of the helicopters hovered. A storm of light fell upon the river and Montag dived under the great illumination as if the sun had broken the clouds. He felt the river pull him further on its way, into darkness. Then the lights switched back to the land, the helicopters swerved over the city again, as if they had picked up another trail. They were gone. The Hound was gone. Now there was only the cold river and Montag floating in a sudden peacefulness, away from the city and the lights and the chase, away from everything. (52)

The Hound is unable to track Montag once his scent is lost in the river. Montag continues on to join the Book People. In an attempt to save face, the government uses the Mechanical Hound to kill a "fake" Montag on camera. This allows the government to continue its farce of being completely in control of all of its people. 

In "Lamb to the Slaughter" by Roald Dahl, why does Mary beg the policemen to eat the leg of lamb cooking in the oven? And what does the last...

The frozen leg of lamb was the murder weapon. Mary quickly decided to get rid of it by cooking it in the oven. The big point of the story is that the police are searching everywhere for the murder weapon but it never occurs to them that it could be a frozen leg of lamb. Only Mary and the reader know this. They share the secret--and the guilt. The reader is made an accomplice of Mary because he sympathizes with her motive for killing her husband and also because he is held in her point of view (POV) throughout the story. Mary wants to get the policemen to eat the leg of lamb when it is finally cooked because that is the best way to destroy the evidence completely. She giggles in secret in the next room because it amuses her to see the cops eating the very murder weapon they have been looking for. Mary has changed a lot since the opening of the story. She was dependent and clinging. Now she has become sharp and self-reliant. She has fooled a whole houseful of policemen. One of them is especially amusing because his mouth if full of roasted lamb when he says:

"Probably right under our very noses. What you think, Jack?"

`a_1 = 0.375, a_(n + 1) = a_n + 0.27` Find the sum of the integers from -100 to 30.

Given: `a_1=0.375, a_(n+1)=a_n+0.27`

The equation for an arithmetic sequence is

`a_n=a_1+(n-1)d`

`a_n=0.375+(n-1)(0.27)`

`a_n=0.375+0.27n-.27`

`a_n=0.27n-.105`

`sum_(n=-100)^30 .27n+.105` 

The sum formula for an arithmetic sequence is

`S_n=n/2(a_1+a_n)`

`n=131`

`a_1=.27(-100)+.105=-26.895`

`a_n=-.27(30)+.105=8.205`

`S_131=131/2(-26.895+8.205)`

`S_131=65.6(-18.69)`

`S_131=-1224.195`

In what way has Mr. Underwood recently helped Atticus? Why is this behavior surprising?

Mr. Underwood is "the sole owner, editor, and printer" of the Maycomb Tribune (To Kill a Mockingbird, Chapter 15). The newspaper office is located right next to the jail in downtown Maycomb. On the night that the mob approaches, Scout, Jem, and Dill think that Atticus is alone outside the jail, trying to protect Tom Robinson. The children refuse to leave, fearing for Atticus' safety. They later find out that all along, "Mr. Underwood and a double-barreled shotgun were leaning out his window above The Maycomb Tribune office."

The next morning, Aunt Alexandra finds out that the children had sneaked out of the house to find Atticus outside the jail. She thinks that this sort of behavior is disgraceful. Aunt Alexandra is very proper, and she believes that children should be in bed at night and not outside, roaming the streets.

Atticus thinks that his children helped disperse the mob, but Aunt Alexandra thinks that their help was unnecessary because Mr. Underwood was there with his gun. Atticus notes that it is strange how Mr. Underwood was willing to defend him from the mob, even though he was protecting Tom, who is black:

"You know, it's a funny thing about Braxton," said Atticus. "He despises Negroes, won't have one near him."

Even though Mr. Underwood most likely thinks Tom is guilty, he is still willing to defend Atticus as he protects the man. Atticus finds this strange and surprising. Calpurnia is nearby when Atticus says this. Aunt Alexandra is surprised that Atticus would say such a thing in front of Calpurnia, who is black. Atticus says that Calpurnia already knows it, and that he will not hide anything from her.

What are the characteristics of physical and chemical changes?

A physical change is a change in which no new substance is created. The form of the substance is changed, but the composition of the substance is not. Physical changes may involve a color change, dissolving, a change in texture, a change in temperature, or a change in shape. All phase changes are physical changes. Phase changes involve the addition of or loss of kinetic energy, which causes the molecules of a substance to either move farther apart or come closer together respectively. However, the molecular structure of a substance does not change during a phase change.

A chemical change is a change during which a chemical reaction occurs. Therefore, new substances are created during a chemical change. An odor change, a color change, or the formation of a precipitate is indicative of chemical changes. Temperature changes are indicative of endothermic or exothermic chemical changes. Examples of chemical changes are burning, oxidation, corrosion, and fermentation.

What character in Pride and Prejudice do you dislike?

I dislike Mr. Collins, as do the majority of the characters (at least, most of the intelligent ones) in the novel.  The narrator tells us that he "was not a sensible man" and that he is "a mixture of pride and obsequiousness, self-importance and humility." What makes his stupidity and obnoxiousness so much more difficult to bear is the fact that he thinks so highly of himself, his abilities, and his station in life that one could scarcely ignore him if one tried. He insists on claiming dances with Elizabeth at the Netherfield ball and then treading on her feet and ruining the dance because he doesn't know the steps. He insists on personally addressing Mr. Darcy about Darcy's own family when he has not been formally introduced. He insists on expounding publicly on the virtues of music, at a party, for a lengthy period of time. He is a nightmare.

Furthermore, his opinions about female reading are directly opposed to Elizabeth's and Mr. Darcy's, characters with whom we are obviously meant to agree and identify. Mr. Collins protests "that he never read novels" and discusses his observation of "how little young ladies are interested by books of a serious stamp, though written solely for their benefit. It amazes [him] [...]—for certainly, there can be nothing so advantageous to them as instruction." So, this ridiculous man finds himself to be such an expert on female behavior—mind you, a man who falls for and proposes to a woman who cannot possibly have any interest in him whatsoever and then proposes to another woman within days, a woman who accepts him only because she desires to be married—that he insists on the female need for instruction in the world? No, we are not supposed to like him, and I do not.

What is the verdict in Harper Lee's novel To Kill a Mockingbird?

The verdict in the rape trial of Tom Robinson in Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird is "guilty." The indigent African American with the crippled left arm, the arm he would have needed to inflict the bruises on Mayella Ewell's face had Tom been the culprit, was convicted of raping Mayella by an all-white jury in a case that had begun with a forgone conclusion. The jury in Tom's trial was able to witness, thanks to Atticus Finch's efforts on his behalf, the defendant's physical deformity, and the jury was just as able to listen to the highly suspicious testimonies of Mayella and her father, Bob, the individual who almost certainly inflicted the wounds in question on his daughter's body. That the jury found Tom guilty was a sign of the times, especially in the Deep South, the setting for Lee's story. As Atticus explains the situation to his son Jem in the trial's aftermath: 

"In our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s, the white man always wins. They’re ugly, but those are the facts of life.”

To Kill a Mockingbird is a story with multiple themes, the most compelling of which is the legacy of racism endemic in the world in which Harper Lee grew up. Tom stood accused, and was convicted of a crime he did not commit solely on the basis of the color of his skin. If there is any justice in Lee's novel, it comes about by way of the local sheriff's willingness to sweep under the proverbial rug the true nature of Bob Ewell's own demise later in the story.

How did art change during the Renaissance?

Artistic form and subject matter changed during both the early and late Renaissance. A middle class of wealthy merchants and tradesmen emerged during this historic time period as the proliferation of knowledge and the exchange of ideas flourished. The art of the period changed to reflect the changing attitudes of the populace.

Prior to the Renaissance, artwork was mainly based on religious subject matter but as the Renaissance progressed that changed to include the Gods and Goddesses of Greek and Roman mythology. A movement called Realism was born and the subject matter of artwork changed to include portraits of those in the new middle class and depictions of daily life.

Artists, including sculptors, employed symmetry, form, proportion, and perspective in their works. They found symmetry in nature and applied it in their works, this revelation is known as “the golden mean.” They experimented with the placement of objects in paintings to show perspective, depth, and dimension. When painting the Mona Lisa, da Vinci used a technique called Sfumato in which the hard lines in a painting are blurred thus creating softness as well as dimension. In addition, they attempted to perfect the use of light and shadows. Sculptors focused on creating the perfect human form.

How did Virginia meet Sir Simon?

Fifteen-year-old Virginia accidentally discovers the hiding place of Sir Simon, the ghost haunting Canterville Hall, after she has been out riding with the Duke of Chesire, who is in love with her. Because she has torn her riding gown, she sneaks up the back staircase and happens to hear someone in the Tapestry Chamber. She thinks it's a maid, but finds it is the ghost. The passage describing this is below:

A few days after this, Virginia and her curly-haired cavalier [the Duke of Chesire] went out riding on Brockley meadows, where she tore her habit [riding gown] so badly in getting through a hedge that, on their return home, she made up her mind to go up by the back staircase so as not to be seen. As she was running past the Tapestry Chamber, the door of which happened to be open, she fancied she saw some one inside, and thinking it was her mother's maid, who sometimes used to bring her work there, looked in to ask her to mend her habit. To her immense surprise, however, it was the Canterville Ghost himself! He was sitting by the window, watching the ruined gold of the yellowing trees fly through the air, and the red leaves dancing madly down the long avenue. 

Like the rest of the Otis family, Virginia does not fear the ghost. Instead, as a practical American, she takes advantage of this accidental encounter to ask the ghost to behave himself and to stop trying to frighten the family.

The meeting is a godsend for Sir Simon, as he can explain his plight to the sympathetic Virginia. He needs someone innocent like her to intercede on his behalf by weeping and praying for him to be allowed to go to his final rest. Although Virginia is cast in mystical, virginal terms, she shares with the rest of her family a can-do, problem-solving attitude that helps the ghost immensely. 

What is the climax of the story "To Build a Fire"?

The climax, or point of highest emotional intensity, in "To Build a Fire" occurs after the man's first fire is extinguished and he is unable to start a second.

In Jack London's story that dramatizes his conviction that "civilized" beings are either destroyed or re-created in savage environments, the man who has not stopped earlier to warm himself notices that his fingers are starting to freeze, so he hurries to build a fire. He realizes too late that he has lit a fire under a snow-covered spruce tree; when the snow melts from the heat of the fire, it extinguishes the flames.

The man was shocked. It was as though he had just heard his own sentence of death.

He hurries to make another fire in the open, but after he has the twigs to do so, he cannot clutch a second piece of birch bark in his pocket that will ignite the twigs he has gathered; his fingers are frost-bitten. Finally, he extricates the bark after removing his glove. Unfortunately, his fingers are stiff and he drops the matches into the snow; "the dead fingers could not touch nor clutch." Nevertheless, in his desperation, he finally succeeds in lighting the matches, and he tries to put pieces of rotten wood and twigs on it to fuel it, but he must use his mouth and arms. The clumsy attempt causes the fire to go out this time.

The dog watches quietly as "the provider" fails. When the man notices the dog watching, he recalls how a man saved himself by climbing inside a steer that he killed. Now he thinks, perhaps, that he can kill the dog and warm his hands inside its body until the numbness leaves so that he can build another fire. But, as he approaches the dog on his hands and knees, the dog's suspicious nature makes it move away. The man stands and calls to the dog in the normal manner. The dog holds still and the man encircles its body with his arms, but he cannot clutch it, nor can he use his knife or throttle the animal. Now, "a certain fear of death, dull and oppressive came to him." In his despair, he realizes that the old-timer on Sulfur Creek was right. After the temperature goes to fifty below, no one should travel alone. Still, he tries to run, but he lacks the endurance to make it to the camp. "It was his last panic."

When Beatty talks to Montag, what is his explanation for what happened to Clarisse and her family?

Beatty tells Montag that Clarisse and her family were odd and dangerous.

Clarisse McClellan is a neighbor of Montag’s and she makes a big impression on him.  She teaches him to look at the world differently.  She does this by asking him if he is happy.  Clarisse is not like the other people in Montag’s world.  She is able to slow down and appreciate the world around her.

Was it only an hour ago, Clarisse McClellan in the street, and him coming in, and the dark room and his foot kicking the little crystal bottle? Only an hour, but the world had melted down and sprung up in a new and colourless form. (Part 1)

Although Clarisse turns his world upside down, Montag loses track of her.  At first she is there sitting outsider her house every day for a week.  Then she disappears.  He has no idea what happened to her. His life feels empty.  Then one day Mildred tells him that she is “gone.”  She has been run over by one of the many speeding cars (“beetles”).  Mildred never mentioned it.

The fact that a girl’s death makes so little impact is disturbing enough, but Montag also misses the role in his life that Clarisse played. She made him question himself, and through that he became alive.

Montag mentions to Beatty that the “girl next door" was killed.  Beatty also dismisses the act.  He says that Clarisse’s family was odd.

“…She was a time bomb. The family had been feeding her subconscious .... She didn't want to know how a thing was done, but why. … You ask Why to a lot of things and you wind up very unhappy indeed, if you keep at it. The poor girl's better off dead." (Part 1)

Beatty says that “queer ones” like Clarisse and her family do not happen often, fortunately.  Beatty would not consider a bunch of kids running over a girl like Clarisse as a bad thing.  That is just what kids do—Clarisse said it herself, when she explained to Montag the depravity of kids her age.  Montag is upset by Clarisse’s disappearance and her death, but to Beatty it is just an everyday occurrence.

In order to keep a population docile, you focus on entertainment to the detriment of thinking.  In Montag’s society there are no intellectual pursuits.  People watch television, and books are illegal.  Reading is against the law, but killing is not.  Their priorities are all out of whack.  They have lost touch with their humanity.

What is the size of the village in "The Lottery"?

The village has about three hundred people.

All of the villages in the region seem to have a lottery like the one described in this story.  We are told that in some villages the lottery takes more than one day.  The narrator comments that the village is smaller than other villages, so the lottery is completed faster.

[In] this village, where there were only about three hundred people, the whole lottery took less than two hours, so it could begin at ten o'clock in the morning and still be through in time to allow the villagers to get home for noon dinner.

The fact that here are only three hundred people indicates that the village is very small, and everyone would know everyone else.  It is likely that the small nature of the village contributes to the reliance on tradition.  There are fewer people, so conformity is even more important.

As we know, no one complains about the lottery.  Things just go on as they always have, even though the lottery is a barbaric practice.  The villagers will not even make a new box or change the broken stool.  Everything is about tradition.

The original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost long ago …. Mr. Summers spoke frequently to the villagers about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box.

The villagers all gather together, and they draw one person’s name to be killed.  It is a completely random kill, because no one knows who will be killed before the lottery.  Anyone in the crowd could die.  That is the tragedy of the lottery.  However, only the victim complains, and only once her name is drawn.  Everyone else, down to the children, just assists with the kill as if it were nothing.

What is the first action in the production of a bio battery?

This is a very open ended question, which in some ways comes down to opinion, but having dabbled in this area myself I can offer some sound scientific advice. But first, here is some necessary background:

When you say "bio battery" I am assuming you mean a device that converts the actions of living organisms into useful electrical potential (voltage). By that definition, perhaps the most common type of bio battery is called a microbial fuel cell (MFC). As the name implies MFCs use the actions of small microscopic organisms like bacteria to generate a voltage. More specifically, these batteries rely on the metabolisms of microbes. While I will try not to dive too far into the molecular biology, all living things on earth undergo something called cellular respiration to produce their energy from various sources. Many key reactions in this process involve moving charges (either negative or positive) around. Certain bacteria will undergo a special type of respiration to break down organic matter when they have no oxygen in their environment (anaerobic conditions). If they undergo this type of respiration, and a probe of the right material is present, the bacteria will transfer electrons to the probe as a step in their energy generating process. If that probe is attached to a conductor and positive charge exists at the other end of the wire, the electrons will move through the wire to react with the positive charge. All that remains is to replenish the negative charges to where they started (with the bacteria) via a salt bridge. Most of this process is actually how traditional batteries work, the key difference being the first step, where it is microbes that transfer the electrons to the negative probe (rather than an isolated chemical reaction).

So to build an anaerobic microbial fuel cell (a common type of bio battery), here are the main things you will need:

-two watertight compartments with removable tops

-a conductive probe for each compartment

-a porous absorbent material to bridge the two compartments

-a source of positive charge to go in one compartment 

-a source of anaerobic bacteria to go in the other compartment

-a source of organic waste to feed the bacteria

So now that I have given some background I will answer your question directly. The first action in producing a bio battery should be figuring out the source for your anaerobic bacteria, as well as the organic waste to feed them with. This is because the microbes and their food source are the life-blood of a microbial fuel cell and without those two things you will not be generating any voltage from your battery. A good source of both anaerobic bacteria and organic waste is the muck from a swamp or undisturbed pond sediment. It is probably better to have more of the stuff rather than less when building a bio battery, so I suggest collecting at least a gallon when you finally get to a good source. Once the waste and bacteria have been acquired, all of the other steps follow naturally. If you want a do-it-yourself guide, take a look at the second two links below (my references). They are a great starting point and go a little further into the science than I could here. Speaking of which, before going out and collecting lots of smelly muck, I suggest doing some research on the kinds of bacteria involved in MFCs. The more you know starting a project like this, the easier it will be to overcome problems. If you are well informed, you may even be able to use the science to make a better battery than the ones described in my references. This can be a very complex area of study and I really only scratched the surface in this answer, so some research is definitely worth it!

How do individuals acquire and develop language?

Language acquisition as an area of study has garnered profound interest, more so in the last two to three decades, by linguists and researchers interested in child psychology, cognition and development. Linguists and other researchers interested in child language acquisition from the perspective of phonology, morphology, syntax and even pragmatics, are separated by their theoretical perspectives as well as their understanding of child language data. Broadly speaking, there are at least two different camps that explain language acquisition and development.

The nativists believe that the child is endowed with innate linguistic abilities that make highly complex language acquisition and computation possible, that too rapidly and effortlessly within comparatively few years of time. The empiricists, on the other hand, focus on the role of child’s environment and general learning mechanisms and heuristics based on statistical regularities in the language input. In doing so, they pay attention to what the child actually says and how it changes over time, unlike their nativist counterparts who are more driven by theoretical procedures and abstract language learning goals.

The nativism versus empiricism debate has been further complicated by studies that show certain aspects of language development start happening even before birth. Using foetus heartbeat recording tools, it has been shown that especially during the last phases of the third trimester, the foetus can differentiate between mother’s voice and any other voice, familiar and unfamiliar language, and even between familiar and unfamiliar story/syllables. These preferences are recorded in infants as old as one day also.

The role of prenatal syntax acquisition has not been confirmed, however, as aspects of syntax are carried in high frequency acoustic signals that get filtered out (along with high amplitude acoustic sounds) by the amniotic fluid surrounding the foetus. The low frequency signals that do make it to reach the foetus carry prosodic features of the language only.

In any case, when it comes to language acquisition and development, there is a clear, impatient division between the nativist and empiricist school of thoughts. In my view, a complete, exhaustive study on acquisition and the course of language development should invoke both innate and input-driven accounts, and, thence, would be incomplete if one overlooks either the child’s genetic, species-specific capacity to acquire language or the role of experience and language input during language acquisition.

What are the witches planning at the beginning of Act I Scene 1 of Macbeth?

It is difficult to know exactly what the witches are planning, but the audience can tell they are up to no good. They appear amid thunder and lightning, discussing a future meeting (which is all we know they are actually planning) after a great battle is over, sometime before the end of the day. They announce that they are to meet with Macbeth at this point, but the audience does not know, at least from this scene, who Macbeth is, why they want to meet with him, or what they plan to do with him. But it is clear from their appearance, the forbidding environment they appear in, and from their assertion that "fair is foul/foul is fair" that they do not mean well. This scene accomplishes several things. It alerts the audience that there are evil forces at work in Scotland, and later, along with the other scenes involving the witches, it raises the question of just who is responsible for Macbeth's foul deeds. Is he in command of his own actions, or is he led to them by the evil, conniving witches with their control of supernatural forces?

In Hamlet, what is ironic about the sailor's use of the term "ambassador"?

In Act 4, Scene 6, a sailor who is one of the pirates that attacked Hamlet's ship and ended up taking him prisoner, delivers a letter from Hamlet to Horatio. The sailor tells Horatio:

There's a letter for you, sir. It came from th' ambassador that was bound for England--if your name be Horatio, as I am let to know it is.

There does not seem to be anything especially ironic about the sailor's use of the term "ambassador," except for the fact that Hamlet is now a prisoner of the pirates. Hamlet really was an ambassador bound for England. He did not know the bellerophonic contents of the letter he was carrying until he broke the seal and read it, but he was an ambassador nevertheless. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern were only his attendants. They may not even have been able to speak English. Of course, they were also Hamlet's keepers, so to speak. Their mission was to make sure that Hamlet got to England and didn't perform any more mad pranks.

When the Danish ship was attached by pirates, Hamlet was first to counterattack them. This shows that he is capable of extremely courageous direct action when he doesn't stop to think. It is his introspection and his predilection for rational analysis that inhibit his other faculties. In his letter to Horatio, he says that he boarded the pirate ship all by himself.

On the instant they got clear of our ship, so that I alone became their prisoner.

Naturally Hamlet would have told his captors that he was an ambassador from the Danish court on his way to England. They would have no other source of information except what Hamlet told them. What he told them was the actual truth: he was an ambassador.

In "Young Goodman Brown," what is the wickedness that Brown witnesses and how are he and Faith involved in it?

In the story, the wickedness that Young Goodman Brown witnesses is a witches' Sabbath, a meeting of those in Salem who are in league with the Devil. There were a number of people there, "all of excellent repute," including "church-members of Salem village, famous for their especial sanctity." In addition, there were "men of dissolute lives and women of spotted fame, wretches given over to all mean and filthy vice, and suspected even of horrid crimes." So, alongside all of the supposedly pious and righteous people of the town, including the deacon and the pastor, are all of those who are known sinners, harlots, and criminals.

He and Faith are involved in it because, apparently, they each have had some dealings with the Devil (and have committed sins) as well. Brown knowingly met the Devil in the forest, and, evidently, Faith has met with him, too. A number of "converts" are brought forward, and Brown and Faith are among their number. They are charged with the duty of tempting others to sin. The Devil tells them, "'Now are ye undeceived! Evil is the nature of mankind. Evil must be your only happiness.'" The converts are welcomed by the hellish congregation, and Brown suddenly implores Faith to "'Look up to heaven, and resist the Wicked One!'" and, in the next moment, he finds himself alone, in the forest.

In what chapter of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird did Calpurnia say the following passage: Folks don’t like to have somebody around...

Calpurnia says the passage in question in Chapter 12 of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, while walking back to the Finches' home after having brought Scout and Jem to her church as her guests.

In Chapter 12, Atticus has left town to attend an "emergency session" of the state legislature, leaving Scout and Jem to Calpurnia's care. Calpurnia is concerned that Atticus didn't have time to find out in advance if Scout and Jem's Sunday school teacher will be at church on Sunday, and if Scout and Jem go by themselves unsupervised, they could cause trouble. Therefore, she invites them to attend the all-black church service with her as her guests. Attending church with Calpurnia proves to be a real eye-opener for the children as they learn things about Calpurnia they never realized before. Scout's new knowledge of Calpurnia particularly helps her develop a new-found respect for Calpurnia.

One thing the children learn about Calpurnia they never knew before is that she speaks differently when she is with the Finches as opposed to when she is among the African Americans of Maycomb. Towards the end of Chapter 12, Jem is the first to note that Calpurnia speaks very grammatically, unlike the rest of the African Americans in Maycomb. However, he further notes that in church, while speaking with other African Americans, Calpurnia did use the same dialect as her fellow African Americans. When both Jem and Scout want to know why Calpurnia does this when she "know[s] it's not right," Calpurnia gives the speech in question in reply.

In saying the above, Calpurnia is explaining that it is boastful to always "tell all you know," which shows us the great sense of humility she has. She further explains that it is pointless for her to speak grammatically because it won't change the behavior of other African Americans. As Calpurnia explains, they have to "want to learn themselves," and if they don't want to learn, then there is nothing anyone can do to change their minds. All that can be done is to continue to act with respect and humility by "talk[ing] their language" (Ch. 12).

In addition to giving a lesson in respect and humility, Calpurnia's speech underscores the theme of disparity found throughout the book. Author Lee demonstrates that inequalities are a direct result of  disparities in education, and inequality will never fully be resolved until the education gap is fully bridged.

f(x) = x+1 g(x) = 4 What is (g o f)(x)?

`f(x) = x + 1`

`g(x)=4`

Find `(gof)(x)` .

To solve, input the function f(x) to g(x).

`(g o f)(x)`

`= g(f(x))`

`= g(x + 1)`

Take note that the given g(x) is a constant function. This means that whatever the input is, the result is always the same number.

`=4`

Therefore,  `(g o f)(x) = 4` .

An allusion is a reference to one literary or historical person or event from another text to explain details or information. What other piece of...

In A Christmas Carol, author Charles Dickens alludes to a few literary works.  In Stave II, when the Ghost of Christmas Past visits Ebenezer Scrooge, he takes him on a journey to Scrooge's younger life. Together, they visit Scrooge's boarding school, where the young Ebenezer is left all alone at Christmas. His classmates have all gone home, but Scrooge has nowhere to go. Elder Scrooge finds his younger self at a desk, reading, and as the present day Scrooge watches himself, he sees the character Ali Baba first. Young Ebenezer's imagination made the books and stories he read come alive. He also mentions "Valentine and Orson," the story of twin boys who were abandoned in the forest as infants. Valentine is raised in King Pepin's court as a knight, and his "wild brother Orson" is brought up with bears. Finally, Dickens refers to Robinson Crusoe and his parrot. All of these stories had kept Ebenezer company when he was a young boy. The Ghost brings them back to him to help him remember that he was once a very different person, full of imagination and longing for friendship--very unlike the person he has become.

How does Katherine Patterson describe Lyddie?

Most of Katherine Patterson's descriptions of Lyddie are focused on her mental and emotional qualities.  There isn't a great deal of specifics regarding her physical characteristics.  The reader knows that she is young.  Lyddie is thirteen years old.  She is the oldest sibling in her household.  She has dark hair and is described as "plain as sod."  That doesn't mean she is ugly, but it does mean that she isn't going to be the most beautiful girl at the ball.  

Lyddie is most definitely brave.  She fends off a bear in chapter one for example.  Then she makes the decision to move herself into a big city and work in the big factories.  Keep in mind that at thirteen, Lyddie is the equivalent of a seventh grader.  It takes guts to do what she did.  She also stands up to Mr. Marsden at the end of the story.  She loses her job because of it, but then she makes the decision to go off to school.  Again, on her own.  

Lyddie is fiercely independent and a very hard worker.  She rarely lets people influence her decisions, and her high work ethic is what made her one of the factory's top producers.  On the downside, Lyddie is not patient, which is why she can't stand being around Brigid at first.  

In A Wrinkle in Time, what are the external and internal conflicts?

The external conflict in its largest sense is evil. The black cloud that Meg, Calvin, and Charles Wallace see is evil itself, according to Mrs. Whatsit. This same cloud surrounds Earth, making it a “shadowed” planet. On Camazotz, the people have given in entirely to IT, which is the personification of the evil that is the cloud. This is what Meg and the others must fight to rescue Mr. Murry from imprisonment.

The internal conflict is facing the evil with the strength of love. Mrs. Whatsit tells Meg, before she goes back to Camazotz, that she gives her her faults, one of which is impatience. Meg must use that impatience to give her the strength to rescue Charles Wallace, who through his own pride has given in to IT, thinking that he could control the experience. Meg faces her internal conflict of doubt and succeeds in her quest.

What is an example of figurative language in "A Christmas Carol" for stave four?

Stave IV of A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens contains several examples of figurative language. On page 91-92, Dickens compares a bump on a man's nose to shaking like "the gills of a turkey-cock." On page 94, another simile compares the alleys to a cesspool. On the very next page, the reader can find personification in this passage:

"Secrets that few would like to scrutinize were bred and hidden in mountains of unseemly rags, masses of corrupted fat, and sepulchers of bones." (Dickens 95)

In the above passage is the bonus of the hyperbole "mountains of unseemly rags." Throughout Stave IV imagery is found as well. As the reader journeys into the future with Ebenezer Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Future, he/she can practically feel the ominous events and smell the decay surrounding them. Dickens was masterful at putting his readers right into his stories through vivid imagery.