Organisms that survive in the ocean deep have to be able to deal with extreme environmental conditions. They must be able to live in total darkness, as the suns rays do not penetrate to the bottom of the ocean. They must also be able to withstand tremendous pressure, as the water pressure climbs the deeper you go. They must also be able to withstand extreme temperatures; it is very cold at the bottom of the oceans.
One of the adaptations for organisms living in these extremes is bioluminescence, which enables the organism to either give off light or light patterns on its body. This light is used for attracting food and attracting potential mates. Another mechanism to help deal with extremes of pressure are special structural pockets in the organism's body that enable it to deal with the intense pressures associated with the deep ocean. Lastly, these organisms have adapted body structures that are built primarily of unsaturated fats as a primary component, which helps them deal with the cold temperature.
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