William Wordsworth uses literary devices such as alliteration, meter, etc.
The main literary devices used throughout the poem are rhyme and meter. The lines of the poem consist of four feet with each foot containing an unstressed syllable followed by an stressed syllable; the meter is thus iambic tetrameter. The rhyme scheme is AABBCC, etc., a form referred to as couplets. Thus a full description of the metrical structure of the poem would be "iambic tetrameter couplets." Most of these couplets are end-stopped rather than enjambed.
The poem makes extensive use of simile, a figure of explicit comparison, as in the lines comparing her eyes and hair to twilight:
Her eyes as stars of Twilight fair;
Like Twilight's, too, her dusky hair;
Wordsworth also uses metaphor, comparing the woman of the poem implicitly to a phantom, apparition, and spirit without use of explicit comparison words such as "like" or "as."
The language tends to be quite abstract with little use of imagery other than the comparison of the woman to twilight; there is no actual description of her physical appearance.
The main rhetorical device of the poem is amplification, long lists which pile one element of praise or noble characteristic on top of another, as in:
The reason firm, the temperate will,
Endurance, foresight, strength, and skill
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